工业源VOCs治理技术效果实测评估

根据珠三角地区典型工业行业VOCs治理技术应用情况调研数据,选取6种典型治理技术开展现场测试,比较各类技术对VOCs的去除率和对VOCs物种的去除特征. 结果表明:活性炭吸附、水喷淋+活性炭吸附、活性炭吸附浓缩+催化燃烧、低温等离子体、溶液吸收、水喷淋+溶液吸收6种技术对工业VOCs去除率的范围分别为-98.1%~79.2%(负值表示可能存在活性炭脱附作用,下同)、-167.4%~57.5%、-3.8%~66.5%、34.1%~96.3%、22.8%~43.1%和2.7%~19.6%. 活性炭吸附及其组合技术对ρ(VOCs)<100 mg/m3的废气处理效果很差；而低温等离子体对ρ(VOCs)>1 000 mg/m3的废气治理效果较差. 活性炭吸附及其组合治理技术对芳香烃、酯类和醚类的去除率一般在40.0%左右；低温等离子体对除卤代烃外的其他物种去除率在28.6%~74.6%之间；溶液吸收法对醚类、芳香烃、酯类和卤代烃的去除率达33.2%~90.1%,而水喷淋+溶液吸收法对醇类、酮类和醚类的去除率可达到41.8%~98.9%. 未来应从经济、技术、监管三方面对工业VOCs治理技术进行综合评估,同时应对更多工业源的VOCs治理技术开展实测评估. 

Evaluation of Industrial VOCs Treatment Techniques by Field Measurement

Abstract: Based on the application of industrial VOCs treatment techniques in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, representative treatment techniques including activated carbon, activated carbon-water spray, activated carbon-adsorption concentration-catalytic oxidation, non-thermal plasmas, solution absorption and water spray-solution absorption were selected to carry out field measurement. The removal characteristics and removal efficiencies of VOCs groups were investigated by analyzing VOCs concentrations and characteristics before and after the treatment. The results showed that the removal efficiencies of the above 6 treatment techniques were about -98.1%-79.2%, -167.4%-57.5%, -3.8%-66.5%,34.1%-96.3%,22.8%-43.1% and 2.7%-19.6%, respectively. Activated carbon and its combination techniques were not suitable for treatment VOCs waste gas with concentrations less than 100 mg/m³, while non-thermal plasmas had poor removal efficiencies on treatment VOCs with concentrations higher than 1000 mg/m³. The removal efficiencies of aromatic, ester and ether by activated carbon and its combination techniques were generally around 40.0%. Non-thermal plasmas had removal efficiencies about 28.6%-74.6% in removing various VOCs species except halohydrocarbon. The removal efficiencies of ethers, aromatic, esters and halohydrocarbon by solution absorption were about 33.2%-90.1%, while water spray-solution absorption had removal efficiencies about 41.8%-98.9% in removing alcohols, ketones, and ethers. In the future, comprehensive evaluation of industrial VOCs treatment techniques should be done, taking economy, technology and supervision into account. Meanwhile, more field measurement should be carried out to guide the selection of effective treatment techniques.