空气污染对气候变化影响与反馈的研究评述

气候变化和空气污染都是人类面临的重要环境问题,其影响与反馈已成为空气污染和气候变化领域的研究热点. 总结了空气污染与气候变化相互作用机理,系统梳理了国内外有关空气污染对气候变化影响及反馈的研究成果,并且重点评述了黑碳和硫酸盐气溶胶辐射强迫及其气候效应、气候变化对近地面臭氧和颗粒物影响等领域的研究进展. 分析指出,现阶段尚没有一个能够综合考虑气象条件、排放源、下垫面等诸多因子对空气污染的影响机理过程模型,无法定量描述大气组分在不同气象条件作用下的演变过程等. 提出未来研究中应深化对机理机制的认识,减少模式的不确定性,加强在排放清单的编制、立体观测网的构建、互馈机理的试验、模式的集成耦合等方面的研究. 

Research Review of Impacts and Feedback of Air Pollution on Climate Change

Climate change and air pollution are important environmental problems facing humankind.The effects of air pollution on climate change and its feedback mechanisms have become a research focus in the air pollution and climate change fields.In this paper,an air pollution and climate change interaction mechanism was synthesized,and domestic and international research results on air pollution impacts on climate change and on feedback mechanisms were systematically analyzed.In particular,black carbon and sulfate aerosol radiative forcing and their climatic effects,as well as the impacts of climate change on ground-level ozone and particulate matter,were investigated.The review shows that there are no an integrated effects mechanism model of air pollution which has integrated the whole process include meteorological conditions,emissions sources,earth surface etc.So it is difficult to quantitatively to study the atmospheric composition evolution process under different meteorological situation.Problems in the present research area were discussed,and some ideas on developing research trends were introduced,including efforts to better understand the mechanisms and to reduce the uncertainty of the model.Future research should be strengthened in the following areas: preparation of emission inventories,building of three-dimensional observation networks,mutual feed-forward mechanism tests and integration and coupling of different models.