耐高温解磷菌的筛选及解磷能力研究

以高温堆肥为原料，通过无机磷培养基筛选、耐高温驯化得到5株耐高温解磷菌，命名为P1～P5.各菌株最佳生长温度为40～50 ℃，其中P1可在35～53 ℃生长，P2～P5在35～50 ℃生长.通过50 ℃高温摇床发酵培养，分别测定了耐高温解磷菌P1～P5的发酵液中ρ(水溶性磷)，ρ(微生物量磷)，总解磷量和pH.结果表明，在50 ℃下摇床振荡培养耐高温解磷菌P1～P5，7 d后发酵液中ρ(水溶性磷)为30.9～47.6 mg/L，ρ(微生物量磷)为116.4～164.4 mg/L，总解磷量为152.1～201.6 mg/L，发酵液pH明显为酸性，但其与菌株解磷能力没有显著的相关性.在解磷方面，ρ(微生物量磷)明显高于ρ(水溶性磷)，因此ρ(微生物量磷)是分析解磷菌解磷能力不可忽视的重要部分.5株解磷菌均具有良好耐高温能力及解无机磷的生理生化功能. 

Screening and Characterization of Phosphate-Solubilizing Microorganisms at HighTemperature

Five strains of thermophilic phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms, named P1～P5, which could strongly dissolved phosphate were isolated in the high temperature period from composting. P1 could grow under the temperature from 35～53 ℃, the others under 35～50 ℃ and the optimum temperature is 40～50 ℃. Through high-temperature shaking culture of P1～P5 under 50 ℃, available phosphorus content, micro-phosphorus content, total available phosphorus and pH were respectively measured. The results showed that under 50 ℃, phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms P1～P5 were cultured by shaking bed, after 7days, theavailable phosphorus content, micro-phosphorus content and total available phosphorus were 30.9 ～47.6 mg/L, 116.4～164.4 mg/L and 152.1～201.6 mg/L, respectively. The fermentation liquid was obviously in acidity, but there was not significant relationship between rock phosphate solubilization capacity and the pH. The results prove that micro-phosphorus is very important for test of capacity to dissolve the rock phosphate. In conclusion, five tested microorganism had stronger capacity to dissolve the rock phosphate and higher alive when they grow at high temperature.