双酚AF暴露对胚胎期和幼鱼期斑马鱼的毒性效应

为明确不同发育阶段的斑马鱼对BPAF(双酚AF)暴露的易感性,采用暴露试验法初步研究了BPAF对胚胎期和幼鱼期斑马鱼的发育毒性.结果表明:1BPAF暴露可延缓胚胎期斑马鱼的发育和孵化,使其出现心包水肿、卵黄囊异常、心率下降、心脏搏动停止等症状.2暴露96 h后,ρ(BPAF)为2.0、2.5、3.0 mg/L暴露组胚胎期斑马鱼的畸形率高达100%,暴露24 h致畸的EC50(半数效应浓度)为2.00 mg/L,暴露96 h的LC50(半数致死浓度)为1.84 mg/L.3暴露72 h后,对照组幼鱼期斑马鱼鱼鳔发育缺陷率为0;除ρ(BPAF)为1.0 mg/L暴露组外,其余BPAF暴露组幼鱼期斑马鱼鱼鳔发育缺陷率为100%.4随着暴露时间的延长以及中毒程度的加深,幼鱼期斑马鱼出现的中毒症状依次表现为心包水肿、卵黄囊水肿、背脊弯曲、心跳停止,暴露48和72 h时其心包水肿的EC50分别为1.76、1.56 mg/L,暴露96 h的LC50为1.77 mg/L.胚胎期和幼鱼期斑马鱼对BPAF暴露响应的差异分析显示,幼鱼期斑马鱼对BPAF暴露的反应更为敏感,幼鱼期斑马鱼的心包水肿症状可作为BPAF毒性响应的最佳指标之一.

Toxic Effects of Bisphenol AF on Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae

Abstract: Bisphenol AF (BPAF), which is widely used in industrial production, has been proven to be an endocrine-disrupting chemical with potential risks to the environment and human health. The objective of the present study was to test the susceptibility of zebrafish (Danio rerio) to BPAF during developmental stages of the embryos and larvae. The experiments were conducted by exposing the embryos and larvae to BPAF at 1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5 and 3.0 mg/L. The treatment of 0.1% dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was used as a control group. The exposure of the embryos was started at 2 hpf, and the observation time was from 24 h to 120 h. Malformation of zebrafish embryos was observed, including the pericardial edema, abnormal yolk sac, reduced heart rate and cardiac arrest. The malformation rate of embryos exposed to BPAF at 2.0,2.5 and 3.0 mg/L for 96 h reached 100%. Based on the malformation rate, 24 h EC₅₀ of BPAF was 2.00 mg/L for the embryos. The heart rates of the embryos were significantly reduced with 72 h exposure (P<0.01) at all BPAF concentrations. At 3.0 mg/L BPAF exposure, the embryos died in the chorion with a hatching rate of 0. The 96 h LC₅₀ value was 1.84 mg/L. The exposure of the larvae was started at 72 hpf, and the observation time was from 24 to 96 h. The results showed that the swim bladders of the larvae closed with 72 h exposure at all BPAF concentrations, except for 10% at 1.0 mg/L BPAF. With the deepening intoxication, the pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, curvature of the spine and cardiac arrest were observed in sequence for the larvae. Based on the pericardial edema, the 48 and 72 h EC₅₀ values of BPAF were 1.76 and 1.56 mg/L for the larvae, respectively, and the 96 h LC₅₀ was 1.77 mg/L. In conclusion, zebrafish larvae are more susceptible to BPAF exposure than embryos, and the pericardial edema of larvae could be one of the best indicators responding to BPAF exposure.