丁苯橡胶生产废水的生物降解特性

为研究丁苯橡胶生产废水的好氧生物降解特性,对某石化企业丁苯橡胶生产装置的生产废水进行好氧处理,并采用液液萃取-气相色谱/质谱、三维荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱等手段对水质指标进行表征. 结果表明:经好氧生物降解后,丁苯橡胶废水中ρ(COD_Cr)和ρ(DOC)分别降至155和76 mg/L,COD_Cr和DOC去除率分别为76.07%和70.08%；废水中二苄胺、苯乙烯和十二烷基二甲基叔胺等9种主要特征有机物19 d内可被完全降解. 丁苯橡胶生产废水在λ_Ex/λ_Em(激发波长/发射波长)为225 nm/340 nm、215 nm/290 nm,275 nm/340 nm处有3个荧光峰,分别由二苄胺、十二烷基二甲基叔胺、苯乙烯、甲苯和苯甲醛等胺类、苯乙烯和芳香族化合物等有机物产生,好氧生物降解能去除废水中的绝大部分荧光物质,荧光峰强度的总去除率达到93.87%；废水中二苄胺、十二烷基二甲基叔胺、4-甲基环己酮、苯甲醛,苯乙烯、甲苯等有机物使丁苯橡胶生产废水分别在波长190~230、230~250、250~400 nm处有紫外吸收,好氧生物降解对UV₂₅₄的去除率达到52%. 研究显示,丁苯橡胶废水经单独好氧生物处理不能达到GB 31572—2015《合成树脂工业污染物排放标准》的要求,需结合其他方式进行联合处理. 

Treatment of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Wastewater by Aerobic Biodegradation

The aerobic biodegradation abilities of styrene-butadiene rubber wastewater was detected by liquid-liquid extraction coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), three-dimensional fluorescence spectra and ultraviolet spectrum. The results showed that COD and DOC of the styrene-butadiene rubber wastewater after aerobic biodegradation were decreased to 155 mg/L and 76 mg/L, and the removal efficiencies were 76.07% and 70.08%, respectively. Nine kinds of main organic pollutants in the wastewater including dibenzylamine, styrene and N, N-dimethyldodecylamine could be completely degraded in 19 days. Fluorescent regions mainly consisted of three fluorescence peaks λ_Ex/λ_Em=225 nm/340 nm, 215 nm/290 nm and 275 nm/340 nm. Three peaks were caused by amine, benzenes and aromatic compounds such as dibenzylamine, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, styrene, toluene and benzaldehyde. Most of the fluorescent substances in this kind of wastewater could be removed by aerobic biodegradation. Total removal efficiencies of the three fluorescence peak intensities reached 93.87%. UV absorption spectrophotometry focused around 190-230 nm, 230-250 nm and 250-400 nm, which were caused mainly by dibenzylamine, N,N-dimethyldodecylamine, 4-methyl cyclohexanone, styrene, toluene and benzaldehyde in the wastewater. The removal rates of UV₂₅₄ reached 52% in aerobic biodegradation of styrene-butadiene rubber wastewater. The research showed that styrene-butadiene rubber wastewater cannot reach the sewage emission standard in Emission Standard of Pollutants for Synthetic Resin Industry (GB 31572-2015) by aerobic biological treatment process alone.