EDSS及其在EIA中的应用

区域环境系统是由人-地相互作用而形成的开放的和复杂的社会、经济与环境的复合巨系统,由此产生的复杂环境问题给环境决策带来了诸多的不确定性,而环境决策支持系统(EDSS)可以辅助环境保护决策工作者提高决策的科学性和有效性.叙述了EDSS的概念,全面回顾了30多年来国内外环境决策支持系统在水环境规划与管理、大气环境质量管理、城市固体废物管理等研究领域的应用进展,并举例重点分析了其在环境影响评价(EIA)中的应用.同时具备强大数据更新能力和环境质量分析预测功能的EDSS,是解决EIA工作中复杂问题的有力工具.基于近年来新技术的发展,EDSS将在智能化,3S技术及多媒体技术应用等方面得到进一步发展,并在环境规划与管理和EIA等工作中发挥更加重要的作用. 

The Progress of EDSS and Its Application in EIA

The regional environmental system influenced by human-earth interactions is a complicated multiplex system including society,economy and environment. A good many environmental problems in the system are very perplexing,and therefore there are lots of uncertainties in environmental decision process.Environmental decision support system(EDSS) can assist the environmental decision-makers to make environmental decisions more scientifically and effectively.The progress of EDSS's application in the past 30years in China and other countries were reviewed including in water environmental planning and management,atmosphere environmental quality management,city solid waste management,and so on.The application in environment impact assessment(EIA) was analyzed as a major area by some cases.EDSS,which has strong data upgrading ability and two major functions of environmental quality analysis and prediction,is an effective tool to solve the perplexing problems in EIA.Based on the development in recent years,EDSS would make great progress in virtue of new technologies,such as artificial intelligence(AI),3S and multimedia.It would play a more significant role in environmental planning and management and EIA,etc.in the future.