山地城镇化与资源环境承载力耦合协调发展的时空演变

中国是山地大国，在生态文明建设理念下，如何实现山地城镇化与资源环境承载力的协调发展，已经成为我国亟待解决的重大难题. 基于我国西南地区三省一市(重庆市、四川省、云南省、贵州省)的31个地级市2004—2018年面板数据，运用综合评价法和耦合协调度模型，揭示了山地城镇化与资源环境承载力耦合协调的时空演变特征. 结果表明:①西南地区综合城镇化指数和资源环境承载力均呈稳步增长趋势，二者差距逐渐缩小，但由于发展水平较低，仍处于低度耦合协调阶段. ②在空间格局上，都市圈内城市属于高承载、高发展、中度耦合协调度地区，但重庆市、昆明市以及一些工业型城市由于人口和财富在城市高度集聚，其资源环境承载力显著低于西南地区平均值；以高山大川为界的省际交界地区，由于自然地理上的“分割”，城镇化发育不足，属于高承载、低发展、低度耦合协调度地区. 研究显示，山地城镇化与资源环境承载力之间的耦合关系日趋紧密，应推进以人为本的绿色城镇化道路，使两大系统处于良好的耦合协调状态. 

Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Coupling Coordination of Mountainous Urbanization and Its Resource and Environment Carrying Capacity

Because China is a large and mountainous country, under the concept of ecological civilization construction, how to achieve the coordinated development of mountainous urbanization and its resource and environment carrying capacity has become a major issue that needs to be solved urgently. Based on the panel data of 31 prefecture level cities of three provinces and one municipality in southwest China (Chongqing City, Sichuan Province, Yunnan Province and Guizhou Province) from 2004 to 2018, this paper reveals the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the coupling coordination degree between mountain urbanization and resource and environment carrying capacity in this region, using the comprehensive evaluation method and the coupling coordination degree model. The results show that: (1) The comprehensive urbanization index and resource and environment carrying capacity in southwest China have a trend of steady growth, and that the gap between them is gradually narrowing. However, the region's low level of development means that its coupling coordination degree is still in an early stage, and it only increased from 0.47 to 0.49 during 2004-2018. (2) In spatial pattern terms, larger cities such as Chengdu City and Guiyang City belong to areas with high resource and environment carrying capacity, high comprehensive urbanization index, and a moderate coupling coordination stage. However, due to the high concentration of population and wealth in some industrial cities such as Chongqing City and Kunming City, their resource and environmental carrying capacity are significantly lower than the regional average. Because of natural geographic divisions, the inter-provincial border areas, bounded by mountains and rivers, have insufficient urbanization. These areas have high resource and environmental carrying capacity, but the comprehensive urbanization index and coupling coordination degree are low. The lowest coupling coordination values appear in Dazhou City, Baoshan City and Zhaotong City. In conclusion, the coupling relationship between mountainous urbanization and its resource and environment carrying capacity is increasing closely. We should promote the people-oriented green urbanization road to make two systems in a good state of coupling and coordination.