杭州市机动车NO_x排放清单的建立及其对空气质量的影响

以杭州市主城区为例,对车辆信息(包括车流量和车辆构成、车辆控制技术水平、车辆行驶工况、车辆启动分布等)进行了调研和测试,并根据IVE模型计算了机动车NOx的排放清单.结果表明,2004年杭州市主城区机动车NOx排放总量为25 100 t,其中,轻型客车、出租车、公交车、重型货车和轻型货车的年排放量分别为5 800,1 100,7 300,9 200和1 700 t.在此基础上,通过AERMOD模型模拟了城市机动车源NOx年均质量浓度以及城市空气中总的NOx年均质量浓度空间分布,得出机动车排放的NOx对总的NOx年均质量浓度的贡献率为40.91%,并对贡献率的空间分布进行了分析.

Development of NOx Emission Inventory from Motor Vehicles in Hangzhou and Study on Its Influence on Air Quality

Vehicle data were investigated in the urban area of Hangzhou, including vehicle volume and distribution, control technology levels, driving patterns, and start-up patterns. The IVE model was used to calculate a NO_x emission inventory. Results show that total emissions of NO_x from motor vehicles were 25,100 t in the urban area of Hangzhou in 2004, and emissions from passenger cars, taxis, buses, heavy duty trucks, and light duty trucks were 5,800, 1,100, 7,300, 9,200 and 1,700 t, respectively. Then, the AERMOD model was adopted to simulate annual concentrations from vehicular NO_x and annual concentration spatial distributions of total NO_x in the city. Simulation results show that average contribution of vehicular NO_x is 40.91%, and the contribution spatial distribution is presented in this paper.