基于遥感的北京市城市化发展与城市热岛效应变化关系研究

下垫面改变、大量人为热排放及城市区域本身的温室气体排放是导致城市热岛产生的主要原因,城市规模则决定了城市区域热岛效应的影响规模与强度,进而影响区域空气中污染物的扩散.利用1978年以来不同时段的遥感影像对北京城市用地、绿地、归一化植被指数、城市热岛区面积进行了监测,分析了北京市20余年来城市规模的变化及空间布局特征、城市绿地变化、城市热岛效应及其相关关系,旨在为城市合理布局,改善环境状况提供基本信息.结果表明,北京市20余年来城市热岛区面积增长明显,2000年以来四环内由于绿地面积增长、城市结构日趋合理,城市热岛有减缓的趋势. 

Research on the Relation of the Urbanization and Urban Heat Island Effect Changes in Beijing Based on Remote Sensing

The urban heat island is mainly caused by the change of underlying surface,artificial heat emission and discharge of greenhouse gas.The area and intensity of heat region are affected by the magnitude of the city and,furthermore,they affect the dispersal of the air pollution.The authors monitored the characteristic of urban region,green land,N_(DVI) and the area of urban heat island in Beijing since 1978 based on remote sensing using Landsat MSS/TM/ETM~ data.The relation between urbanization,green land,N_(DVI) and urban heat island effect was analyzed.The result of the fast growth of urban heat island area in the whole city was addressed.The heat island region of inner fourth ring of Beijing was decreased as a result of growth of green land and suitable city structure since 2000.It can provide basic information for the plan of urbanization and improvement of environmental quality.