大连市水土流失控制模拟研究

从控制大连市水土流失出发，结合大连市地表总体状况，根据水土流失通用方程，利用拉格朗日中值定理分析原理，模拟计算了土壤有机质含量、地面覆盖类型、地面覆盖率和水土流失控制距离等方面对水土流失造成的影响；分别计算了不同地表条件下控制水土流失的理论经济点和理论敏感点；定量分析了不同地表作用因子对控制水土流失的影响程度.模拟结果表明:对水土流失影响最大的地表作用因子是土壤有机质含量，其次依次为地面覆盖率、地面覆盖类型和水土流失控制距离；控制水土流失最基本的地表条件是，土壤有机质含量不得低于1.78%，地面覆盖率不得低于41%，地面不得裸露，最基本的植被覆盖类型是草地，水土流失控制距离不得低于3　603 m.依据模拟结果，提出了控制大连市水土流失的措施. 

The Simulation of Controlling the Soil and Water Loss in Dalian City

In order to control the soil and water loss of Dalian City and in combination with the overall situation of land surface of the city, the authors simulated the influence of soil organic matter, distance of soil loss, cover type of land and percentage of coverage, etc. on soil and water loss. The simulation was based on the Soil Erosion Generic Equation and Lagrange Median Theorem. Both the theoretical economic points and the theoretical sensitive points were calculated for different land surface conditions, and the influence of various surface acting factors on the control of soil and water loss quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the most important factor that influences the soil and water toss is the content of soil organic matter, followed by percentage of coverage, cover type of land and the distance of soil loss in order. The basic land surface conditions of controlling soil and water loss should be at least 1.78% of content of soil organic matter, 3 603 m of controlling distance, the grass land being the primary type of coverage, and the percentage of coverage higher than 41% . According to the simulated results, the authors put forward some countermeasures to scientifically control the soil and water loss in Dalian City .