生物酶强化厌氧消化去除污泥中的PhACs

为降低污水污泥中药理活性化合物（PhACs）产生的环境风险，利用生物方法强化污泥厌氧消化，提高其去除效果.以CFA（氯贝酸）、TCS（三氯生）、DCF（双氯芬酸）、CBZ（卡马西平）4种典型的PhACs为目标污染物，利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）定量分析污泥中的目标物，探究外加生物酶联合污泥厌氧消化法强化对PhACs的作用效果.结果表明，随着SRT（污泥停留时间）的增大，目标物的去除率有一定程度的增大，特别是在高温条件下，当SRT由7 d增至20 d时，CFA的去除率增长了45%；木瓜蛋白酶对中高温系统中CBZ的去除效果最佳，分别为63.8%和67.5%，同时对4种目标物总的去除率最高，分别为57.3%和61.8%；添加溶菌酶试验中，4种目标物去除效果差异较大，中温、高温系统中对TCS的去除效果最佳为81.7%和80.9%，去除效果最差的是CBZ，去除率为40.4%和33.5%；纤维素酶处理中，4种目标物的去除率均小于60%.混合生物酶试验中，高温条件下更易去除PhACs.研究显示，生物酶强化污泥厌氧消化能有效去除污水污泥中的PhACs. 

Removal of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in Sewage Sludge Using Anaerobic Digestion Enhanced with Bio-Enzyme Treatments

In order to reduce the environmental risk caused by pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) in sewage sludge, the processes of anaerobic digestions (ADs) of sewage sludge enhanced with biological pretreatments were adopted to increase the removal rates of the compounds. Four typical PhACs, including clofibric acid (CFA), triclosan (TCS), diclofenac (DCF) and carbamazepine (CBZ), were selected to investigate the removal characteristics during ADs of sewage sludge combined with enzymolysis pretreatments. The samples were pretreated by solid-phase extraction (SPE), and then analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that with the increase of sludge retention times (SRTs), the removal efficiencies of the targets increased to a certain extent. Especially in the thermophilic condition, when SRTs increased from 7 d to 20 d, the removal of CFA increased by 45%. Compared with other enzymolyses, papain enzymolysis experiments could obtain the best removal-up to 63.8% and 67.5% for CBZ-and also the highest overall removal-up to 57.3% and 61.8% for the four target PhACs when ADs were in mesophilic or thermophilic conditions. For lysozyme enzymolysis experiments, the removal of the four targets were significantly different; the removal rate was highest for TCS with about 81.7% and 80.9% reduction, while it was lowest for CBZ with about 40.4% and 33.5% removal. All PhACs showed less than 60% reduction with cellulose enzymolysis. As for mixed bio-enzyme tests, PhACs were easily removed under thermophilic conditions, compared with mesophilic conditions. The investigation showed that PhACs in sewage sludge can be effectively removed using ADs enhanced with bio-enzyme pre-treatments.