不同季节尾水排放对河道细菌群落结构的影响

为探究不同季节尾水排放对河道细菌群落结构及多样性的影响，以常州市深水城北污水处理厂尾水、排放河道为例，利用Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术分析细菌群落结构，并分别讨论了不同季节尾水对河道水质、细菌群落结构及多样性的影响，分析细菌群落结构与水质的相关性.结果表明:①尾水增加了夏季、秋季河道的NO₃--N、TN浓度.②由于尾水的排放，使夏季、秋季河道细菌多样性下降.③共检测到43个门，其中变形菌门（Proteobacteria）为最优势菌门，平均占比为60.11%，其次为放线菌门（Actinobacteria）和拟杆菌门（Bacteroidetes），尾水主要影响夏季、秋季河道Proteobacteria的相对丰度，其中假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）夏季增加49.14倍，秋季减少0.95倍；鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）夏季增加6.63倍，不动杆菌属（Acinetobacter）秋季减少0.98倍.④TN浓度对细菌菌属分布影响最大，其与微球菌属（Micrococcaceae）、Hgcl_clade呈负相关；与盐单胞菌属（Halomonas）呈正相关.研究显示，尾水排放对河道的影响主要表现在夏季和秋季，使NO₃--N、TN浓度显著上升，而使细菌多样性下降，对河道Proteobacteria下的Pseudomonas、Acinetobacter、Sphingomonas相对丰度影响较大，水中的细菌分布主要受TN浓度影响. 

Impact of Tail Water Discharged on Bacterial Community Structure in River in Different Seasons

To explore the influence of tail water discharged on bacterial community structure and diversity of water in different seasons, bacterial community structures were studied by the high-throughput sequencing method. The influence of tail water discharged on water quality, bacterial community structure and diversity of river in different seasons was studied as well. In addition, the correlation between bacterial community structure and water quality was analyzed. Results showed that the tail water has markedly increased the river nitrate nitrogen and the total nitrogen in summer and autumn, however it has decreased the river bacterial diversity. In total 43 phyla were detected, in which Proteobacteria was dominant phylum (60.11%) followed by Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Tail water mainly affects the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the summer and autumn. Pseudomonas increased for 49.14 times in summer, but decreased 0.95 times in autumn. Sphingomonas increased 6.63 times in summer, while Acinetobacter decreased 0.98 times in autumn. It was shown that the total nitrogen has the strongest influence on the bacterial community. It was positively correlated with communities of Micrococcaceae and Hgcl_clade, but negatively correlated with that of Halomonas. The research showed that tail water has affected great changes of river in summer and autumn. It has markedly increased nitrate nitrogen and the total nitrogen of the river, however it has decreased bacterial diversity. The tail water has stronger influence on Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and Sphingomonas, which were parts of Proteobacteria. The distribution of bacteria is mainly influenced by the concentration of the total nitrogen.