华南东部主要铀矿区居民室内外氡浓度研究

对华南东部6个铀矿区居民室内外空气氡浓度及其变化规律进行了研究。矿区废渣和坑道口释放出来的氡气对周围大气形成了氡污染，特别是在矿区周围0.5～1.5 km的范围内的污染严重。但是空气中的这种氡污染随离矿区的距离增大而迅速减弱。矿区周围居民室内氡的浓度高，是广东省室内氡浓度平均值的10倍左右。在进行调查的190个居室中，有45个(23%)居室室内氡浓度超过美国环境保护局制定的148 Bq/m3室内氡浓度的上限值。居室中氡浓度的升高，除了受矿区释放出来的氡污染外，更主要是因本地区属高本底辐射区，房基下的土壤、岩石和建筑材料中的铀、镭等放射性元素的含量高，其放射性衰变产生的氡释放出来进入室内。 

A Study on Indoor and Outdoor of Uranium Deposits in South China

According to radon environmental study on indoor and outdoor radon of uranium deposits in South China, it is shown that the air in the range of 0.5～1.5 km around the ore areas were seriously contaminated by the radon and its daughters releasing from the process of uranium exploration and mining, but the contamination level of radon rapidly decreased with the increase of the distance from the center of deposit area. The indoor radon concentration of inhabitant around the two study areas is high, about 10 times of average value of Guangdong. In all the 290 research dwellings, 45 (23%) have indoor radon level above 150 Bq/m3, a limit value of indoor radon concentration suggested by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The main reason of high level indoor radon concentration is that the study areas belong to high background radiation area, the soil and rocks in house basement have high content of U, Ra and Rn, and an amount of radon releasing from the soil and rocks entry the dwellings.