唐山市柴油车远程监控综合管控平台的开发及应用

柴油车排放是我国大气污染的重要来源之一，其排放量大且实际道路排放超标问题较严重，但缺少高效快捷的识别和定量技术.以柴油车精准管控以及重点行业运输需求调控为目的，该研究建立了以车辆车载诊断系统(OBD)、年检、路检路查、遥感等监控信息为主，车辆行驶轨迹和加油信息为辅的柴油车远程监控综合管控平台，实现高排放车辆识别溯源和重点企业运输监控.以唐山市柴油车秋冬季管控的应用示范为例，分析平台的应用效果.结果表明:①唐山市秋冬季及重污染应急响应期间46家重点企业运输管控平均执行力度均在65%以上.②OBD数据分析得出，监控车辆76%的行驶里程发生在唐山市内，且主要物流通道呈“两纵四横”的特征；高排放车辆在中高速和高扭矩工况下NO_x排放水平较高.③秋冬季对移动源的管控使46家重点企业秋冬季和重污染应急响应期间货车流量分别减少了15.9%和33.7%，交通流量减少显著.研究显示，柴油车远程监控综合管控平台可以有效监管企业秋冬季移动源政策实施，以及重型柴油货车运行和排放状况，为区域内重型柴油车动态化精准管控提供支持. 

Development and Application of Integrated Management and Control Platform for Remote Monitoring of Diesel Vehicles

Diesel vehicle emissions are one of the important sources of air pollution in China. At present, there is still a lack of effective and fast monitoring method for real-world driving emissions, which makes emission supervision very difficult. In response to the above problems, a comprehensive management and control platform for remote monitoring of diesel vehicles has been established. The platform takes vehicle On-board Diagnostic System (OBD) upload data and company access control data as the core, integrates annual inspections, road inspections, remote emission sensing, gas station and other information to monitor real-time vehicle emissions, screen and analyze the causes of high-emission vehicles, inspect and evaluate the implementation of company vehicle control policies, and analyze mobile source emission reduction effects. The platform was applied to the supervision of diesel vehicles in Tangshan City, and the results showed that: (1) 46 key companies in Tangshan City during the autumn/winter and heavy pollution emergency response periods reached an average of 65% or more of transportation control effect. (2) OBD data analysis showed that 76% of the vehicle mileage was inside the city, and the main logistics channels showed the characteristics of 'two vertical and four horizontal' routes. High-emission vehicles mainly emitted high emissions under medium and high speed and high torque conditions. (3) In autumn and winter, the total traffic flow of the 46 key companies dropped sharply by 15.9% and 33.7%, respectively. This platform can monitor and evaluate the vehicle control of companies in autumn/winter and the operation and emission status of heavy diesel trucks, providing support for the dynamic and precise control of heavy diesel vehicles in the region.