深圳市龙岗区大气颗粒物中多溴联苯醚的污染特征研究

为了解深圳市龙岗区大气颗粒物中多溴联苯醚的污染状况，于2017年1月、4月、8月和11月分别采集龙岗区大气颗粒物样品.利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC/MS）对深圳市龙岗区4个功能区（工业区、商业区、居民区和生态区）的80个大气颗粒物样品进行检测，得到PBDEs（多溴联苯醚）8种单体（BDE-28、BDE-47、BDE-99、BDE-100、BDE-153、BDE-154、BDE-183、BDE-209）的质量浓度，同时研究了大气颗粒物中PBDEs质量浓度的时空分布特征.结果表明:①深圳市龙岗区大气颗粒物中ρ（∑₈PBDEs）（∑₈PBDEs为PBDEs 8种单体的加和）范围为0.07~77.80 pg/m3，ρ（∑₈PBDEs）年均值为（6.86±14.17）pg/m3.ρ（BDE-209）范围为0.01~76.23 pg/m3，年均值为（5.10±13.58）pg/m3，BDE-209为主要污染单体.② 4个功能区的ρ（∑₈PBDEs）平均值大小顺序依次为工业区（13.65 pg/m3）>商业区（7.75 pg/m3）>生态区（3.95 pg/m3）>居民区（2.19 pg/m3），工业区是环境空气颗粒物中PBDEs的主要污染区.③ ρ（∑₈PBDEs）平均值的季节性变化规律为春季（13.32 pg/m3）>冬季（9.18 pg/m3）>秋季（2.17 pg/m3）>夏季（1.51 pg/m3），符合深圳市亚热带海洋季风气温和气候对环境空气中颗粒物质量浓度的影响规律.研究显示，深圳市龙岗区大气颗粒物中PBDEs质量浓度处于较高水平，污染严重，建议减少含PBDEs产品的生产、使用和运输等活动，或找到更利于环境安全和人体健康的替代品，降低PBDEs对该地区的污染. 

Pollution Characteristics of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Atmospheric Particulates of Longgang District, Shenzhen City

In this study, 80 atmospheric particulate samples were collected in Longgang District, Shenzhen in 2017, and the contents of eight kinds of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in these samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results showed that: (1) The total PBDEs in atmospheric particles in Longgang District ranged from 0.07 to 77.80 pg/m3, with an average of (6.86±14.17)pg/m3. Among the target analytes (BDE-28, BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, BDE-154, BDE-183 and BDE-209), BDE-209 was the main monomer, with a range of 0.01 to 76.23 pg/m3 and an average of (5.10±13.58)pg/m3. (2) Among the four functional areas, the industrial area (13.65 pg/m3) was most polluted by PBDEs, followed by the commercial area (7.75 pg/m3) > ecological area (3.95 pg/m3) > residential area (2.19 pg/m3). (3) The mean value of ρ(∑₈PBDEs) varied seasonally, and was ranked in descending order: spring (13.32 pg/m3) > winter (9.18 pg/m3) > autumn (2.17 pg/m3) > summer (1.51 pg/m3). The seasonal variation maybe influenced by the subtropical ocean monsoon climate. The high level of atmospheric ρ(PBDEs) suggests that it is necessary to reduce the production and usage of PBDE-containing products, or to improve the usage of PBDE alternatives in Longgang District.