基于浮游生物群落变化的生态学基准值计算方法初探

基于浮游生物群落对环境压力变化的响应,参照美国国家环境保护局(US EPA)颁布的生物学基准计算方法,结合理化因子,采用综合指数法计算了我国太湖流域和辽河流域的生态学基准值.计算框架为:①确定流域水环境生态学基准参照点和生态学基准指标；②作出参照点各基准指标box分布图并进行评分；③将各生态学基准指标得分等权重相加,并把90分位数值作为该流域的基准值.结果表明:我国太湖流域夏、冬季的生态学基准值分别为94.7和86.7,辽河流域夏、冬季的生态学基准值分别为100.0和96.4.通过该基准值可较好地区分2009年辽河流域和太湖流域夏、冬季采样点位的生境优劣,这说明基于浮游生物群落变化来计算生态学基准值的方法是可行的.

Preliminary Study on the Ecological Criteria Calculation Method Based on the Variation of Plankton Communities

Ecological criteria values in Taihu Lake and Liaohe River in China were calculated with integrated indexes based on the responses of plankton communities to environmental stresses in water systems combined with the change of physical and chemical factors.The guidelinesof biological criteria issued by the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA) were referenced.The primary frameworks were:1) determining the reference sites and ecological indexes for watersheds;2) drawing box plots for the reference sites and scoring;3) summing the scores of the equally-weighted ecological criteria indexes,with the 90th quantile set as the criterion value of the watershed.The results showed that the ecological criteria values of Taihu Lake were 94.7 and 86.7 in summer and winter of 2009,respectively,while those of the Liaohe River were 100.0 and 96.4,respectively.The environmental qualities at the sampling sites of Taihu Lake and the Liaohe River could be clearly distinguished by the proposed ecological criteria values in the different seasons,which indicated the feasibility of the ecological criteria values calculation method on the basis of variation of the plankton communities.