降解园林废弃物专用固体复合菌的构建及其堆肥效应研究

目前应用于园林废弃物堆肥中的复合菌剂大多为液态菌剂，其制作存在无菌操作要求高、产品存在运输不便等问题，拟尝试通过固体菌剂加以克服.为获得可高效降解园林废弃物的固体复合菌剂，利用前期获得的固体菌剂芽孢杆菌（Bacillus sp.）B01和B02进行混配制成复合菌剂，通过正交试验对复合比例（B01:B02）及复合菌剂接种浓度进行优化，筛选出降解效果最佳的固体复合菌剂SB012，并与其液体复合菌剂LB012进行对比，探究二者对园林废弃物堆肥过程的影响.结果表明:各因素对固体复合菌剂应用效果均有极显著影响，其影响程度表现为复合比例>复合菌剂接种浓度；最佳固体复合菌剂是复合比例（B01:B02）为7.5:2.5，复合菌剂接种浓度为2.5%.与LB012相比，SB012可使木质素降解率提高7.79%，纤维素降解率提高5.30%，腐殖质含量提高6.29%，腐殖化系数（HI）提高23.02%.研究显示，通过对复合比例和复合菌剂接种浓度的优化，成功制得固体复合菌剂SB012，该菌剂可高效降解园林废弃物中的木质素、纤维素，促进腐殖质生成，提高堆肥产品品质. 

Construction of Solid Composite Inoculum for Green Waste Degradation and Its Effect on Composting

The composite inocula used for green waste composting are usually liquid, its production requires rigorous aseptic conditions, and the products are inconvenient to transport. These problems are attempted to be solved by developing a solid microbial inoculum. Two strains of Bacillus sp. B01 and B02 were used as the components of the composite inoculum, the proportion and concentration of the strains were optimized using an orthogonal experiment to develop the solid composite inoculum (SB012), and the promotion effect of the solid composite inoculum on green waste composting was evaluated (compared to the relative liquid compound microbial inoculum (LB012)). The results showed that both factors had significant influences on the functions of the composite inoculum, and the proportion of B01 and B02 had greater influences than the concentration. The proportion (B01:B02) of 7.5:2.5, and concentration of 2.5% constituted the composite inoculum with the optimal functions. Compared with the LB012, the utilization of the inoculum in green waste composting process increased the lignin degradation rate by 7.79%, cellulose degradation rate by 5.30%, humus content by 6.29%, and humification coefficient by 23.02%. Generally, a solid composite inoculum called SB012 was developed by optimizing the proportion of B01 and B02 and their concentration. The application of the composite inoculum during green waste composting effectively degraded lignin and cellulose, promoted the synthesis of humus, and improved the quality of compost.