湖北省湖泊营养物生态分区技术方法研究

提出一种基于主成分分析、聚类分析、判别分析和空间自相关的分区模型，用于对湖北省湖泊营养物生态分区的尝试. 运用主成分分析法对众多指标进行降维处理，产生彼此互补又能综合反映湖区情况的新指标，构建了湖北省湖泊营养物生态分区指标体系. 在此基础上，根据各区域新指标值结合聚类模型进行湖泊流域的初步分类，利用判别分析完成非湖泊流域的类别归属判别，运用空间自相关分析方法对区域各因素的空间分布格局进行量化分析，以揭示零散分类区块在空间地域分布上的关联和差异，最后根据关联结果确定边界完成分区并进行特征描述. 结果表明，利用该分区技术方法体系可以尽量避免人为因素干扰，得到更为客观的分区结果，具有良好的适应性和可行性. 

Study on Ecoregion Techniques of Lake Nutrients in Hubei District

The objective of this research is to present an ecoregional model based on principle components analysis(PCA),cluster analysis(CA),discriminant analysis(DA) and spatial autocorrelation analysis(SAA).The model was applied to establish the ecoregions of lake nutrients in Hubei Province.First,principle components analysis was applied to reduce the feature space dimensionality of the indices,and to build new complementary indices which could synthetically reflect the conditions of lakes and build an index system of ecoregions of lake nutrients in Hubei province.Then,initial classification of lake drainage area was carried out by cluster analysis.The categories of non-lake drainage areas could be identified by discriminant analysis.Spatial distributing pattern of principal components in the region were analyzed quantitatively by spatial autocorrelation method.The association and difference of spatial characters between classification districts and the scattered regions were achieved.Therefore,the divisional boundary was established,and the ecoregion of lake nutrients was accomplished.These results indicated that the ecoregion model was appropriate and feasible to achieve the objective results of ecoregion,and could avoid human interference.