ETC系统运行的环境影响分析

为了评估ETC系统运行的环境影响,采用PARAMICS微观仿真平台,结合综合尾气排放模型(CMEM),建立收费站交通运行模型.通过PARAMICS提供的API函数对车辆换道模型进行建模,并对仿真平台的关键参数进行校验,使仿真结果符合收费站的实际运行情况.在此基础上,从油耗和尾气排放量等方面对收费站运行情况进行定量分析.针对车道流量、车辆通过速度以及ETC车辆比例等因素,研究ETC车道以及收费站运行过程的环境影响.结果发现,通过ETC车道的车辆油耗总量随流量增长呈线性增长趋势,通过速度的提高使通过车辆的油耗总量和尾气排放量快速下降.最后选择华南快速干线新港东收费站进行实例分析并提出实施ETC系统的改进建议. 

Environmental Impacts of ETC Lane Operation

In order to evaluate the environmental impacts of ETC systematic operation,micro-scale simulation tool PARAMICS and the comprehensive tailpipe emission model CMEM were used to develop an operation model for toll stations.To make the simulation results realistic,a lane changing model was developed using the API function provided in PARAMICS,and the key parameters were also adjusted.On this basis,fuel consumption and tailpipe emissions were selected as indices to make quantitative analysis on the operation of toll stations.Considering influences of traffic flow,passing speed and ETC vehicle rate,the environmental effects of ETC lane and toll station were analyzed.The results showed that the total fuel consumption of vehicles in the ETC lane increased linearly with increase of throughput,and the total fuel consumption and emissions decreased rapidly with the increase of passing speed.East Xingang toll station on Huanan expressway was selected for a case study,and a recommendation for ETC system implementation was provided.