太湖流域圩区陆地生态服务价值评估

通过构建生态服务价值评价体系,对太湖流域圩区陆地生态服务价值进行估算,并分析其空间差异性. 结果表明:①圩区陆地生态系统面积为9 196.7 km2,其中农田、居民点与工矿用地、交通用地、林地等4个生态子系统面积所占比例分别为59.1%、34.5%、3.8%、2.5%. ②圩区陆地生态服务价值总量为219.374×108元/a,以间接生态价值(生态调节、生态维持价值)为主,占总量的61.6%. 其中生态服务价值最高的是下游杭嘉湖区(83.007×108元/a),其次为上游浙西区(39.104×108元/a)和湖西区(32.790×108元/a),三者占总量的70.6%；而下游浦西区、浦东区与上游的太湖区生态服务价值相对较低,仅占总量的9.1%. ③圩区单位面积陆地生态系统平均服务价值为2.385元/(m2·a),整体呈西高东低、南高北低的空间格局. ④因生态系统结构和生态效用机制的不同,林地单位面积各项生态服务均明显优于农田. ⑤流域景观综合指数在0.879~1.124之间,呈西高东低的空间分布特点. 

Assessment of Ecosystem Services for Polder Terrestrial Ecosystem in Taihu Basin

Abstract:The polder terrestrial ecosystem services and their spatial variability in the Taihu Basin were analyzed using the ecological economic value system. The results showed that the terrestrial area of the polder in Taihu Basin was 9196.70 km². Farmland, industrial and residential land, transportation land, and forestland accounted for 59.1%, 34.5%, 3.8% and 2.5%, respectively. The total value of polder terrestrial ecological services was estimated at 219.374×10⁸ CNY per year. 61.6% of the total value came from regulating services and supporting services. Hangjiahu (83.007×10⁸ CNY per year), Zhexi (39.104×10⁸ CNY per year) and Huxi (32.790×10⁸ CNY per year) were at the forefront of eight subregions in terms of the total services value, accounting for 70.6% of total basin value, while Puxi, Pudong and Taihu ranked last, accounting for 9.1%. On average, the per unit area of the polder terrestrial ecosystem provided 2.385 CNY/(m²·a), which was higher in the west and the south than in the east and the north. Due to the different ecosystem structure and ecosystem service mechanism, each forestland ecosystem service type per unit area was bigger than farmland. The landscape comprehensive index of subregions ranged from 0.879 to 1.124, which was higher for those in the west than in the east.