| 开关表面活性剂对土壤及地下水中多环芳烃污染的增效修复研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 代朝猛,童汪凯,胡佳俊,段艳平,涂耀仁,赖小莹,刘曙光,李继香.开关表面活性剂对土壤及地下水中多环芳烃污染的增效修复研究进展[J].环境科学研究,2022,35(8):1925-1934. |
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| 作者姓名： | 代朝猛 童汪凯 胡佳俊 段艳平 涂耀仁 赖小莹 刘曙光 李继香 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.同济大学土木工程学院，上海 200092 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划项目(No.2019YFE0114900, 2017YFE0116300)；国家自然科学基金项目(No.42077175) |
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| 摘 要： | 开关表面活性剂在环境中主要应用于处理土壤及地下水系统中疏水性有机污染物，污染物多环芳烃(PAHs)是目前其应用研究的热点. 本文详细阐述了开关表面活性剂对土壤及地下水中PAHs污染的可逆增效机理，增效机理基于开关表面活性剂胶束形态的改变；汇总了常用于土壤及地下水PAHs污染修复的三类开关型表面活性剂，通过比较光开关型、CO2/N2开关型和氧化还原开关型在开关前后的表面活性理化指标来解释其微观调控特征，认为微观调控基于其响应基团发生化学反应；重点总结了这三类开关表面活性剂在改变表面张力的可逆性与对PAHs增溶的可逆性上具备的优缺点；阐述了开关表面活性剂在实际应用中可能受很多外界因素的影响，并重点关注温度、pH、无机离子和土壤矿物对其的影响. 今后需通过一定规模的野外场地试验，探究多种环境因素动态耦合对开关表面活性剂增溶PAHs的影响机制，厘清在环境因素动态耦合下不同调控方式与分离效率之间的关系，为筛选适合不同环境的开关表面活性剂提供理论数据支撑.
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| 关 键 词： | 开关表面活性剂 胶束 多环芳烃(PAHs) 增溶 地下水 土壤 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-12-14 |
Switchable Surfactant-Enhanced Remediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil and Groundwater: A Review |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China2.School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China3.School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200233, China4.Department of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China5.Shanghai Institutes for Advanced Study, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China6.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Switched Surfactants are mainly used to treat hydrophobic organic pollutants in soil and groundwater systems. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the focus of research. Therefore, they have aroused considerable interest in surfactant-enhanced remediation of organic pollutants such as PAHs in soil and groundwater systems. Here, the mechanisms of reversible PAHs solubilization were critically reviewed for three types of switchable surfactants based on changes in the micellar morphology of the surfactants. Differences in the microscopic control of PAHs solubilization were explored by comparing the physicochemical indicators of surface activity for optical, gas (CO2/N2), and redox switchable surfactants. The main advantages and disadvantages of these switchable surfactants in practical applications were also summarized. The review revealed that pH, inorganic ions, and soil minerals may affect the practical application of switchable surfactants, and future studies should explore the effects of these multivariate factors on the PAH remediation mechanisms. In the future, it is necessary to explore the influence mechanism of dynamic coupling of various environmental factors on the solubilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by switchable surfactants through a certain scale of field experiments, clarify the relationship between different regulation methods and separation efficiency under dynamic coupling of environmental factors. This review may also help select the appropriate surfactants for different applications. |
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