资源型支柱产业对城市化的影响:以赣州稀土产业为例

支柱产业在城市经济高质量发展中作用重大，资源型支柱产业因既有资源优势又面临生态环境压力而给城市可持续发展带来不确定性. 本研究以赣州资源型支柱产业——稀土产业为例，通过构建产业与城市化耦合协调评价体系和劳动力指数评价方法，全面评估2010—2019年赣州稀土产业对城市化的影响. 结果表明:赣州稀土产业与城市化发展相互联系影响程度强，其耦合度始终保持在0.8以上. 尽管近年来稀土产业发展受产业政策影响较大，但持续的稀土产业结构调整优化使稀土产业与赣州城市化的协调度越来越高，说明现有的稀土政策有利于城市的高质量发展. 此外，稀土产业的采矿业和制造业两环节对劳动力集聚的影响不同，稀土采矿业对人口集聚有消极影响，而稀土制造业更利于人口集聚. 研究显示，为解决赣州稀土产业发展困境并进一步提升城市化水平，应从稀土产业薄弱点发力，通过坚持创新改进稀土的绿色开采工艺以实现矿石产品的合规开采，并发展稀土功能材料等高新加工技术延长稀土产业链，用产业的高质量发展带动城市转型升级. 

Influence of Resource-Based Pillar Industries on Urbanization: A Case Study of Ganzhou Rare Earth Industry

Pillar industries play an important role in the high-quality development of urban economy. Resource-based pillar industries bring uncertainty to the sustainable development of cities because of their resource advantages and ecological environment pressure. Taking the rare earth industry as an example, this study comprehensively evaluated the impact of the rare earth industry on the urbanization in Ganzhou from 2010 to 2019 by constructing a coordinated evaluation system of rare earth industry and urbanization and the labor force index evaluation method. The results showed that the coupling degree between rare earth industry and urbanization development had always maintained a high value above 0.8 in Ganzhou. Although the development of rare earth industry has been greatly affected by industrial policies in recent years, the continuous adjustment and optimization of the rare earth industry structure has made the rare earth industry and the urbanization of Ganzhou increasingly coordinated, indicating that the existing rare earth policy was conducive to the high-quality development of the city. In addition, the mining and manufacturing sectors of the rare earth industry had different impacts on labor agglomeration. Rare earth mining had a negative impact on population agglomeration, while rare earth manufacturing industry was more conducive to population agglomeration. In order to solve the problems of Ganzhou rare earth industry development dilemma and further enhance the level of urbanization in Ganzhou, it is necessary to adhere to innovation. It is recommended to ensure green mining of rare earth as the basis of development and extend the rare earth industry chain to promote the high-quality development of the industry and urban upgrading.