京津冀及周边地区大气污染综合立体观测网的建设与应用

京津冀及周边地区大气染污综合立体观测网针对的是大气重污染发生-演变-消散全过程的核心科学问题，通过制定适用于京津冀及周边地区的大气污染综合观测技术规范，建立了区域大气污染综合立体观测网，开展了近地面及大气边界层气象和大气化学过程的同步观测，构建了监测数据综合分析及共享应用平台，实现了大气环境多源数据综合管理业务化，为大气重污染成因研究提供精准数据集，提升了京津冀秋冬季重污染成因机制研究和精细化源解析的能力，推动了京津冀及周边地区空气质量的持续改善.京津冀及周边地区大气污染综合立体观测网开展了传输通道的加密观测，增加了背景站和手工采样点观测，建立了包括黑碳、氨和重金属等多要素的关键站点，并充分利用了服务于科学研究的超级站和垂直梯度观测技术.京津冀及周边地区大气污染综合立体观测网和数据平台的建立，实现了业务部门与科研部门数据的有效融合与综合管理业务化，具有效率高、代表性好、目的性强的特点，能够很好地应对决策部门不断提高的管理需求.观测网络和平台充分吸取了国外的先进技术和观测经验，保证了观测网长期稳定运行；通过综合环境空气质量监测预警和发布平台，为环境空气质量监测和污染成因综合研究提供技术支撑，最终为实现我国空气质量的全面改善奠定了坚实的基础. 

Construction and Application of Comprehensive Observation Network for Air Pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Its Surrounding Areas

To recognize the key scientific issues of occurrence, evolution and dissipation of heavy air pollution, a comprehensive three-dimensional observation network was established for regional atmospheric pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas. Strict technical specifications were formulated and appliedto the entirenetwork. The observation network performed simultaneous observation on the meteorological processes and atmospheric chemistry in the atmospheric boundary layer. All the data were systematically analyzed and uploaded toan integrated analytics platform. Multi-source data on air pollution was operationally managed using this platform to provide accurate information for studying the causes of heavy atmospheric pollution, improving the understanding of the formation mechanism of heavy pollution and obtaining precise results of source apportionment in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas in autumn and winter. The network and platform will be helpful for improvement of air quality in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas and provide technical reference for the prevention and control of atmospheric pollution in China and other key economic areas besides the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas. The network performed comprehensive observation of major transport pathways in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas, increased the number of observation sites including background and manual sampling stations, established the key stations measuring black carbon, ammonia and heavy metals, and also carried out scientific research based on atmospheric super stations and observation stations in meteorological towers. The comprehensive observation network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas has achieved multi-source data fusion and operational application. It has high efficiency, good representativeness and strong purpose, and can support decision-making of local government and state administration. Based on advanced foreign technology and observation experience, the network operated for the long term and the platform of the air pollution forecast and alarm published the results of air quality monitoring and transboundary transport to fully support the overall improvement of China''s air quality.