UASB反应器对晚期渗滤液的碳氮协同削减效应

为了强化UASB反应器对厌氧+好氧反应器末端出水的生物处理过程，采用厌氧+好氧反应器+UASB反应器工艺，通过生物处理方法实现了难降解有机物与氮的协同削减.结果表明:①通过控制UASB反应器中ρ（NO_x--N），优化微环境中最佳ORP范围，当ORP为（-300±10）mV时，ρ（COD_Cr）（此时主要以胡敏酸和富里酸等难降解的腐殖性有机物为主）由313.00 mg/L降至106.00 mg/L，ρ（TN）由139.60 mg/L降至60.30 mg/L，去除率分别达66.13%、56.81%.②傅里叶红外光谱分析结果显示，出水中含羧基、羟基、醌基、酰胺、苯环取代基等相关官能团的有机物减少，含脂肪族官能团的有机物增多.③16S rRNA结果显示，厌氧+好氧反应器+UASB反应器中的优势菌属分别为VadinHA17、Clostridium（梭菌属）、Anaerolineaceae（厌氧绳菌属）、Denitratisoma，其丰度占比分别为3.29%、35.17%、8.60%、2.84%.VadinHA17通过降解UASB反应器中的多种复杂有机物，为反硝化过程提供碳源；Clostridium利用UASB反应器中丰富的硝酸盐激活Clostridium胞外氧化酶，强化Clostridium对难降解复杂有机物的降解能力，将自身的胞内电子通过细胞膜上的细胞色素传递到胞外电子受体上，使NO_x--N得到电子还原为氨，降低氮含量；Anaerolineaceae与Denitratisoma则分别作用于UASB反应器的厌氧消化过程及生物脱氮过程.研究显示，UASB反应器中由于VadinHA17、Clostridium、Anaerolineaceae与Denitratisoma的作用，COD_Cr和TN去除率分别为66.13%、56.81%，实现了晚期渗滤液中难降解有机物与TN的协同削减. 

The Synergistic Effect for C/N Removal by UASB Reactor on Mature Landfill Leachate

In order to strengthen the biological treatment process, this research used the UASB reactor for the treatment of wastewater, and utilized biological processing to achieve synergistic removal of refractory organics and TN. The results show that:(1) This research optimized the ORP in microenvironment by controlling ρ(NO_x--N) in UASB reactor. When the ORP was (300±10)mV, ρ(COD_Cr)(mainly humic acid, fulvic acid and other refractory organics) was reduced from 313.00 mg/L to 106.00 mg/L, ρ(TN) was reduced from 139.60 mg/L to 60.03 mg/L, and the removal rates reached 66.13% and 56.81%, respectively. (2) Fourier infrared spectrum analysis showed that the functional groups related to carboxyl, amide and benzene ring were reduced, and the functional groups related to the aliphatic group were increased. (3) 16S rRNA results revealed that the dominant strains of VadinHA17, Clostridium, Anaerolineaceae, Denitratisoma in the system reached 3.29%, 35.17%, 8.60%, 2.84%, respectively. VadinHA17 could use a variety of complex organics in UASB reactor as the carbon source in the denitrification process. Clostridium activated the extracellular oxidase out of thallus, strengthening the degradation ability to refractory organics, transferring the intracellular electrons to the extracellular electron acceptor through the cytochrome on the cell membrane, which converted NO_x--N into ammonia and reduced the nitrogen content. Anaerolineaceae and Denitratisoma acted in the anaerobic digestion process and biological nitrogen removal process of UASB reactor, respectively. The research showed that under the action of VadinHA17, Clostridium, Anaerolineaceae and Denitratisoma in the UASB reactor, the removal rates of COD_Cr and TN reached 66.13% and 56.81% respectively, achieving the aim of synergistic removal of refractory organics and TN.