典型时段区域污染过程分析及系统聚类法的应用

应用系统聚类法对2008年12月4─17日全国86个城市由空气污染指数(API)反算的ρ(PM₁₀₎进行聚类分析.结果表明:86个城市可以分为7个分区；根据ρ(PM₁₀₎的区域同步性特征及实况天气背景分析对7个分区进行了调整. 在12月4─17日的区域污染过程中，华北和华东2个地区为全国ρ(PM₁₀₎的高值区. 对华北和华东地区城市群ρ(PM₁₀₎的区域环境过程同步演变特征进行了对比分析，并根据天气型演变规律对形成原因进行了研究，建立了城市及区域环境污染过程与天气型背景的关系概念模型，揭示出天气型组合系统、分布、尺度、移动和演变是造成大气环境质量区域性、过程性特征和ρ(PM₁₀₎峰谷值出现的主要原因. 用聚类分析方法和所提出的概念模型可对我国城市和区域环境污染分区控制和成因进行深入研究. 

Analysis of Regional Pollution Process and Application of System Cluster Method

Based on PM₁₀mass concentration levels computed from the Air Pollution Index (API) from December 4 to 17, 2008, the system clustering method was used to classify 86 cities of China into 7 subregions. The subregions were adjusted according to analysis of the synchronicity characteristics of PM₁₀ mass concentration and actual synoptic conditions. Because of the high values of PM₁₀ mass concentration in North China and East China, the regional conditions and pollution process of these two subregions were discussed. Comparative analysis of the synchronicity characteristics in North China and East China was carried out, and a conceptual model relating the regional pollution process and synoptic pattern was built based on causation and the rule of synoptic patterns. The results indicated that the synoptic patterns, distribution, scale, movement and evolutionare the main driving forces of the regional process character and the appearance of peak and valley values of PM₁₀ mass concentration. The system clustering method and concept model established in this paper can be used to research divisional control and causes of formation of city and regional pollutant processes in China.