三江源区生态系统服务间接使用价值评估

论文利用替代成本法、机会成本法和影子工程法等经济学方法,对三江源区生态系统提供的间接使用价值进行了评估。研究结果表明:2008年三江源区生态系统的间接使用价值共计1.74×10¹¹元,其中水源涵养价值为1.07×10¹¹元,占61.38%,土壤保持价值为4.60×10¹⁰元,占26.50%,气候调节价值为2.01×10¹⁰元,占11.56%,空气质量调节价值为9.56×10⁸元,占0.55%。该结果突出反映了三江源区作为水源发源地在水量平衡、调节区域水分循环和改善水文状况等方面做出的贡献。

The Indirect Value of Ecosystem Services in the Three-River Headwaters Region

The Three-River Headwaters Region (TRHR) of China is within the hinterland of the Tibetan Plateau. As the source of the Yangtze, Yellow (Huanghe) and Lancang (Mekong) rivers, the TRHR is of key importance to the ecological security of China and Southeast Asia. This paper quantified the indirect value of ecosystem services in the TRHR by using the replacement cost approach, opportunity cost approach and shadow project approach. The results showed that the indirect value of ecosystem services was some 1.74×10¹¹ yuan in 2008, which included water conservation of 1.07×10¹¹ yuan accounting for 61.38%, soil conservation of 4.60×10¹⁰ yuan accounting for 26.50%, carbon sequestration of 2.01×10¹⁰ yuan accounting for 11.56%, and air quality regulation of 9.56×10⁸ yuan accounting for 0.55%. The results highlighted the role of the TRHR as the important birthplace of water sources and its outstanding contribution to water balance, water cycle regulation and regional hydrology improvement. Besides, the results offered good information to policy makers on regional sustainable management and payment for ecosystem service policies.