基于城市空间扩张与人口增长协调性的高铁新城研究

论文基于改进后的城市用地扩张与人口增长协调性系数和城市紧凑度,利用49个高铁城市2004、2013年城市人口和城区面积等数据,对中心城市的用地扩张与人口增长进行定量分析;在此基础上,依据高铁新城和母城的空间位置关系选取4个案例城市进行新城建设与规划的适宜性实证分析。结果表明:1)高铁新城中心城市的土地扩张与人口增长之间的协调性较弱,以土地快速扩张为主,占65.31%,相应地人口与城市用地分别占55.01%、58.13%;其次是人地基本协调型,数量为13个,相应地拥有39.75%的人口和33.57%的城市建设用地。2)在高铁战略下新建的案例高铁新城主要分为"飞地式"、"城市副中心式"和"双城式"3类,不同城市空间形态下的新城模式对城市发展及人地关系的影响有所不同。未处理好新城与母城的空间形态、内部结构、土地与人口增长的关系,导致新城的建设/规划大多不合理,从而陷入城市土地资源浪费和盲目扩张的困境。

Evaluation of the High-speed Rail New Town Based on Coordination of Urban Spatial Expansion and Population Growth

With the statistics of urban demographics and land area of 49 cities (including parent cities and new towns) along four major High-speed Rail (HSR) arteries in China, the urban land expansion and population growth and their coordination relations were examined based on the modified coordination model and urban spatial configuration compactness index. Then, a positive suitability analysis of urban planning and construction was made for four typical cities at varied sizes along the Shanghai-Kunming line in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that: 1) The coordination between urban land expansion and population growth was weak. Most cities were dominated by land expansion, accounting for about 65.31%, their urban population and built-up area accounting for 55.01% and 58.13%. There were 13 cities coordinated in man-land relations, their total population and urban built-up being 39.75% and 33.57%, respectively. 2) Positive analysis indicated that there were three primary urban spatial configuration combinations of parent city and new town, namely enclave-oriented, subsidiary-center-oriented and dual-core oriented. This study manifested that the impacts on the man-land relationship under new development mode of different urban spatial configuration of the HSR-related cities could be different. Misdealing of the spatial external and internal configurations and population growth and land expansion relationship could result in unreasonable urban planning and construction, hence falling into a vicious loop showing land resource waste and blind expansion.