南阳盆地区耕地利用效率演变及其影响因素

研究耕地利用效率演变规律关乎农业产业振兴与国家粮食安全。在使用DEA-GWR指数模型测算出南阳盆地区12县（区）2000年、2010年、2016年耕地利用效率的基础上,结合趋势面分析和$G^{*}_{i}$ 指数研究耕地利用效率的时空格局演变特征,并分析其影响因素。结果表明： （1）2000年、2010年和2016年研究区综合效率整体呈上升趋势,2000年和2016年规模效率对综合效率的作用更大,而2010年纯技术效率则对综合效率更具影响。（2）从全局视角看,三个时期耕地利用综合效率高值区从东南部向中部及西北部转变,呈现出明显的地域分异规律;从局部视角来看,相对高值（低值）耕地利用综合效率在空间上呈现出较强的组团式集聚。（3）在耕地利用效率影响因素中,影响程度的绝对值由大到小依次为：农业劳动力>复种指数>农业机械总动力>化肥施用量>人均耕地>地形条件>农村居民人均可支配收入>城市化水平。

The evolution of cultivated land utilization efficiency and its influencing factors in Nanyang Basin

Studying the evolution law of cultivated land utilization efficiency is related to agricultural industry revitalization and national food security. This paper, which is based on the calculation of cultivated land utilization efficiency of 12 counties in Nanyang Basin over the 2000, 2010 and 2016 with the DEA-GWR model, investigates characteristics of spatiotemporal evolution of cultivated land utilization efficiency by using trend surface analysis and $G^{*}_{i}$ index and analyzes its influencing factors. The results show that: (1) In 2000, 2010 and 2016, the comprehensive efficiency was on the rise. In 2000 and 2016, the scale efficiency had a greater effect on the comprehensive efficiency. In 2010, the pure technical efficiency had more effect on the comprehensive efficiency. (2) From a global perspective, the high-value areas with comprehensive utilization efficiency of cultivated land changed from the southeast to the middle and northwest in three periods, showing obvious regional differentiation; from a local perspective, relatively high value (low value) areas with comprehensive utilization efficiency of cultivated land show a strong cluster-like agglomeration in space. (3) According to the factors influencing cultivated land utilization efficiency, the absolute value of degree of influence is listed in the order: agricultural labor>multiple cropping index>total power of agricultural machinery>fertilizer application amount>per capita cultivated land>topographical conditions>per capita disposable income of rural residents>urbanization level.