乡村地域生态服务功能演化测度——以南京市为例

乡村在社会发展中有重要的腹地价值,乡村地域空间结构的演化对生态服务功能有重要的影响。以南京市为例,在乡村实体地域范围基础上进行乡村地域生态服务功能演化测度研究,利用遥感定量测量和CASA模型测算分析南京市1985—2016年乡村地域生态服务功能演化。研究表明：（1）1985—2000年,乡村各种生态服务功能价值都存在降低的趋势; 2000—2016年,除水源涵养功能外,其他各种类型生态服务功能价值仍存在降低的趋势。（2）第一阶段乡村生态服务功能损失较大的地区主要集中在南部、南偏西和南偏东方向;第二阶段,生态服务功能价值在北部和北偏西方向有了提升,其他方向均有不同程度减少。（3）乡镇工业化阶段,生态服务功能受乡村内部土地利用变化影响较大;在城市化水平快速提升阶段,城市扩展对乡村生态服务功能的影响更大。

The evolution measurement of ecological service function in rural areas: A case study of Nanjing

Rural areas play an important hinterland role in social development, and the evolution of rural spatial structure has an important impact on the function of rural ecological services. Taking Nanjing as an example, this paper conducts the research on the evolution of rural regional ecological service functions based on the scope of physical rural areas. The remote sensing quantitative measurement and CASA model are used to calculate and analyze the evolution of rural regional ecological service functions in Nanjing from 1985 to 2016. The results show that: (1) From 1985 to 2000, the value of various functions of rural ecosystem services declined in varying degrees; from 2000 to 2016, the values of all kinds of functions, except that of water conservation function, still showed a downward trend. (2) In the first stage, the decline of rural ecological service function was mainly found in the south, west to south and east to south. In the second stage, except for the increase of ecosystem services in the north and northwest directions, the decline of ecosystem services in all directions decreased in varying degrees. (3) In the stage of industrialization of villages and towns, the change of land use structure within villages had a major impact on the ecological service function. In the stage of urbanization, the impact of urban expansion on rural ecological service function was the main aspect.