改革开放以来我国国土整治历程回顾与新构想

改革开放40多年,国土整治随着资源、生态环境领域政治意愿和体制的变迁而变化,经历兴起、搁浅、整合的过程。在梳理改革开放40余年国土整治领域重要政策文件基础上,总结了国土整治历程中的发展经验、主要问题以及新趋势,并提出了新时代国土整治新构想。新时代国土整治目标将牢牢结合生态文明战略,以期实现空间、资源、生态环境优化,打造以人为本高品质国土空间。新时代国土整治是通过“承载力”“适宜性”评价机制,结合综合研判、归因分析划分“国土整治”功能分区开展重大工程,多措并举处置国土开发利用过程中“负外部性”问题,修复国土功能,以实现空间结构优化调整、资源高效利用、生态保护修复、灾害污染治理,以期提升国土空间承载力、适宜性、美丽度、安全性,提升国土可持续发展能力的综合治理活动。

The new conception and review of territory consolidation based on the past years of reform and opening-up

In the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, territory consolidation has changed with the political will and institutional changes in the fields of resources and ecological environment, and has undergone a process of rise, collapse and integration. On the basis of the important policies in the field of territory consolidation in the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, this paper summarizes the development experience, the main problems and the new trend of territory consolidation in the new era, and then puts forward a new conception of territory consolidation. The goal of territory consolidation of the new era will be firmly integrated with the ecological civilization strategy to optimize territorry space, resources and ecology and to create a people-oriented and high-quality territorry space. Territory consolidation in the new era will depend on carrying capacity and suitability evaluation mechanism, combining comprehensive research and attribution analysis to divide "territory consolidation" functional zones and carry out major projects. Territory consolidation will deal with "negative externalities" in the process of territory space development and utilization to restore land functions by various measures, so as to optimize territory space,improve resource utilization efficiency, protect important ecosystem, restore damaged ecosystem, prevent disaster and control pollution. It will enhance carrying capacity, suitability, beauty, security and the sustainability of territory space.