资源型城市工矿用地系统修复的生态安全格局构建

资源型城市可持续发展的关键是对其工矿用地进行系统修复,在空间上统筹工矿用地的生态修复,使其从整体上参与区域生态安全格局构建十分必要。基于生态安全格局与电路理论,以典型资源型城市内蒙古自治区乌海市为例,分别识别2000年、2005年、2011年、2017年生态廊道和关键点,根据优先修复程度设置修复分级方案。研究结果表明：（1）2000-2017年,廊道路径上工矿用地面积增加和城市扩张导致生态廊道质量下降、位置发生变化。7条最小耗费路径总长度从120.74 km增加到125.71 km;加权耗费总距离从692.58 km增加到1162.28 km。（2）识别出2017年障碍点14处,总面积为16.06 km²。其中关键点12处,总面积14.09 km²。 （3）修复区域为识别出的2000-2017年四期生态廊道和2017年关键点,共划分三个修复等级,总面积为475.86 km²。研究通过区域生态安全格局理念统筹工矿用地生态修复,使之成为国土空间系统修复的有机整体,为资源型城市可持续发展提供决策参考。

Construction of ecological security pattern for systematic restoration of industrial and mining land in resource-based cities

The systematic restoration of industrial and mining land for resource-based cities is a critical method to achieve sustainable development. It is necessary to integrate ecological restoration of industrial and mining land in the construction of regional ecological security pattern as whole. Based on the ecological security pattern and circuit theory, this study identified the key points and ecological corridors in 2000, 2005, 2011 and 2017 in Wuhai, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, a typical resourced-based city, and established the important level of restoration priority. The results show that: (1) From 2000 to 2017, the increase of industrial and mining land area and urban expansion on corridor paths led to a decline in the quality and changes in the location of the ecological corridors. The total length of the seven minimum cost paths increased from 120.74 km to 125.71 km; the total of cost weighted distance increased from 692.58 km to 1162.28 km. (2) 14 barriers are identified in 2017 with a total area of 16.06 km², including 12 key points with a total area of 14.09 km². (3) The restoration area is the identified ecological corridors from 2000 to 2017 and the key points in 2017, which were divided into important level of restoration priority, with a total area of 475.86 km². Based on the paradigm of regional ecological security pattern, the study coordinates the ecological restoration of industrial and mining land, making it an organic whole for the restoration of territorial space, and providing decision-making reference for the sustainable development of resource-based cities.