我国矿产资源态势与对策

我国矿产资源总量大,居世界第3位人均拥有量小,居世界第80位。我国要实现现代化建设的第二步战略目标,矿产资源供需存在着矛盾。为了解决供需矛盾,必须从地质找矿、矿山、一次资源回收、二次资源回收、节能和节材等方面挖掘潜力。改革资源耗费型经济发展旧模式,确立资源节约型经济发展新模式,废止“有水快流”的方针,确立开发与节约并重的方针,是缓解矿产资源供需矛盾的根本途径。具体对策有:(1)依靠科学技术进步开发节约(2)搞好资源进出口贸易取长补短(3)健全法制管理体系依法治矿(4)用好计划机制管好资源和矿山(5)用好市场机制搞活矿业经济。

THE SITUATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES OF CHINA AND THE CO UNTERMEASURES

The amount of Mineral resources of China is so large that it occupies the third place in the world, but per capita occupation is small and only gets the 80th place. If we want to realize the second step of the strategic target of modernlization construction, the supply and need of mineral resources will show contradiction. For the purpose of solving this contradiction, we must search for all potentials, such as finding minerals through geological exploration, improving the mines, reclamation of the first and second resources, using the energy and materials economically, etc.. The old resource-consuming type of economic development model must he innovated and the new resource-saving type economic development model must be established. The policy that "the richer the resources are, the faster their use will be" must be abolished, and the policy that exploitation and economy should go together must be set up. These are essiential ways to solve the contradiction of supply and need of mineral resources. The measures that must be taken are as follow:(1)Exploiting and conserving resources by means of science and technology progress;(2)Handling well the inport and export tr de of resources;(3)Harnessing the mines according to the mineral resource law and setting up a legel management system;(4)Managing the resources and mines by means of planning mechanism;(5)Using well the market mechanism properly to activate the mining economy.