土地资源与区域农业结构的关系——以秦皇岛市域为例

土地类型学、土地资源学、土地利用现状研究以及土地利用规划被认为是土地科学的四个分支。实际上它们又可以被看作是一个整体的几个基本环节,彼此间具有紧密的联系。作者在1982—1983年在秦皇岛市域进行了土地资源调查工作,试图由此探讨土地科学中各分支之间的关系,以及有关的工作方法和工作程序。着重讨论土地资源的适宜性评价以及与确定区域农业结构的关系。

THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LAND RESOURCE AND REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURE——TAKING QINHUANGDAO AS AN EXAMPLE AREA

Land is an integrated concept. It is a certain section of the Earth's surface composed of climate, hydrology, geology, geomorphology, soil, vegetation, and other elements important to Man's achievements. It is the place where Man lives and works. So, land is regarded as a kind of natural resource for its usability and limited amount; and the Man's influence imposed upon the land has been enlarged increasingly. There have always been the needs to understand it better in order to use this resource more effectively and harmlessly.Land classification and evaluation, land-use analysis, and land-use planning are regarded as four branches of the land science. In fact, these are just links of a chain as a whole, interlocked to each other. This article is an attempt to explore the relationships in between.In the integrated study of the land in Qinhuangdao Area, the land is classified into 15 categories and 41 types according to its natural features and their spatial proterties. Then, using the land types as basic units, the land evaluation for the purpose of agricultural land development is carried out. The result of the land evaluation is used as a basis for the agricultural landuse planning; also, a method is proposed using the regional land quality to determine the orientations of the agricultural land development of the area.It is concluded that the regional land structure, or the spatial and quantitative pattern of the land types in an area, determines the regional land suitability structure for a given purpose, the agricultural land development; and the latter determines the spatial and quantitative pattern of the land-use of this purpose, i.e. the regional agricultural land use structure.