矿区土地复垦与生态重建效益演变与配置研究

矿区复合生态系统的重建是对未来空间系统结构和功能的超前安排,其效益的演变极大地受到自然、社会、经济的影响。论文从资源经济、生态经济角度,讨论了矿区土地复垦与生态重建效益的概念和内涵,分析了矿区生态系统演变、矿区生态重建目标、矿区生态系统类型、矿区生态重建措施及矿产资源综合利用对矿区生态系统“三大效益”配置的影响;并以平朔安太堡露天煤矿1985～2015年土地复垦与生态重建过程中的土地资源利用结构动态演变为实例,初步揭示矿区生态重建过程中“三大效益”的有序配置和高度统一问题;为优化矿区土地资源利用结构和建立矿区复合生态系统重建的效益评价指标体系提供理论基础。

The evolution and disposition of benefit of land reclamation and ecological rehabilitation in mining area

Compound ecosystem restoration in mining area is regarded as pre-arrangement for the future ecosystem spatial structure and functions.The benefit evolution of the ecosystem is greatly affected by the nature,society and economy.From the two aspects of resources economy and the eco-economy,this paper discusses the concept and meaning of the three benefits in land reclamation and ecosystem rehabilitation and analyzes the effect of ecosystem evolution,the goal of ecosystem restoration,the types of ecosystem restoration,the ecosystem restoration technique,and mineral resources' comprehensive utilization in mining area on the economic,ecological and social benefits.In the case of the dynamic evolution of the structure of land resource utilization in the process of land reclamation and ecological restoration in Antaibao opencast coal mine in Shanxi Province of China covering the period of1985-2015,the effective allocation and integra-tion of the economic,environmental and social benefits is set forth.This provides the theoretical basis for the structural optimization of land resource utilization and setting up an index system for benefits evaluation of compound ecosystem restoration in mining area.