生产力与生物多样性关系的研究进展

生产力和生物多样性是生态系统两个基本属性。然而,几十年来,人们一直在争论它们之间的相互关系及其潜在机制。论文综述过去有关两者关系的控制实验、meta分析、多点观测研究和潜在机制,发现两者关系主要表现为单峰关系、正相关关系、负相关关系、无关系、“U”型关系,并且关于它们关系的潜在机制也没有普遍共识。同时,两者关系及其潜在机制均对尺度具有很强依赖性。分析其原因,可能生产力与生物多样性的关系不是简单或直接因果关系,而是由相互关联的、多变量过程共同控制。因此,应放弃固定化二元模式,开展多元化驱动因素的生物多样性研究,加强人类对复杂生态系统过程的理解,提供更具意义的生物多样性保护和管理指导。

Research Progress on the Relationship between Productivity and Biodiversity

Productivity and biodiversity are two fundamental properties of ecosystems. However, there has been a long-running debate over their interrelationship and the mechanisms behind their relationship for decades. In this paper, the control experiments, meta-analysis and multi-site observation studies over the past decades for testing relationships between productivity and biodiversity and the mechanisms of their relationships are reviewed. It is found that the forms of productivity-biodiversity relationships mainly are: unimodal relationship, positive relationship, negative relationship, no relationship and U-shaped relationship. Besides, there is no general consensus about underlying mechanisms of their relationships. Meanwhile, both the relationships and the underlying mechanisms are strongly dependent on scales. These results illustrate that the productivity-biodiversity relationships are not a simple or direct causal relationship, but are driven by interconnected and multivariate ecological processes. Therefore, we should give up a fixation on bivariate patterns and adopt the approach of multivariate drivers to the problem of the biodiversity pattern in order to further strengthen our understanding of complex ecosystem processes and provide more meaningful guidance for conservation management.