上海城市土地利用转变类型及其空间关联分析

基于多时段TM遥感影像资料,通过地图代数和空间关联分析、相邻度分析等空间分析手段的综合应用,论文对上海地区近10年来城市土地利用变化类型、形成过程和相关空间机制进行了研究,结果表明:①近10年来上海城市土地利用扩展经历了“单核扩展”模式为主(1987～1990年)到“单核扩展”、“多核扩展”与“点-轴”扩展模式并存(1990～1995年),直至“多核扩展”及“点-轴”等复杂扩展模式为主(1995～2000年)的变化过程,导致上海中心城区和郊县城镇规模急剧扩张,交通干道沿线区域城市化过程明显增强,并形成整个上海地区城市化网络结构;②面积贡献率较大、转变频率较低的城市土地利用变化类型,与其他类型之间具有较高的关联度和空间亲和性,构成中心城区或卫星城、郊区城镇的扩展核心;③面积贡献率较低的类型,其转变频率较高,分布零散,构成扩展核的外围部分,这些城市周边地区存在一定程度紊乱、不合理的土地利用、开发活动;④城市化过程的内在空间机制与土地利用类型的面积和转变频率有密切关系。在更精细的尺度上依据转变频率划分的类别在一定程度上能更好体现城市土地利用变化类型的空间分异,及其作为宏观驱动机制的社会经济因子所具有的空间差异性。

The evolving process and related spatial mechanism of urban landuse in Shanghai region

Based on the muti-temporal remotely sensed data of TM,the evolvement,transformation modes and related spatial mechanism of Shanghai urban landuse in the past decade were analyzed by using map algebra and the methods of spatial analysis (i.e.,spatial correlation &; nei-ghboring analysis).The results indicate that:1)Agricultural landuse acted as a key contributor to the overall urban landuse growth,but the transforming magnitude and distribution ratio of agricultural landuse in between the two urban landuse types differ much,and show obvious tendency to give the weights to the developing zones with the increment in total.2)"Shrubs &; fallows"is a unique landuse type produced from the interface between the agricultural and urban landuse types.As an indicator to the urban landuse growth,its quantity,distribution and turnover rate can to some degree characterize the growth rate and spatial distribution of developing zones.3)Those landuse types with larger area and less transforming frequencies exhibited strong spatial pattern and spatial affiliation to the other landuse types,and formed the framework of regional urbanization, based on which the "multi-core expanding" around Shanghai central city and its sub-cities as well as the "point-axes expanding" around satellite towns and main transportation lines dominates the modes in process of urban growth and urban landuse expanding.4)Shanghai central city and its main sub-cities showed high efficiency and intensity in their urban landuse development.In contrast,other medium or small towns generally have experienced more frequ-encies and complicated process in landuse transformation,and presented low intensity in landuse,thus their urban landuse expanding process tends to be spatially scattered to some degree.