白洋淀水文特征变化对湿地生态环境的影响

近半个世纪以来,由于自然气候条件的变化、工农业的开发、城市化崛起和水利工程的修建等,白洋淀湿地水文特征发生了巨大变化。主要表现在流域降雨量、入淀水量的减少,蒸发、渗漏损失增加,淀水位下降,入淀泥沙量减少等。论文在分析湿地水文特征与生态系统结构和功能关系的基础上,深入探讨了白洋淀水文特征变化对湿地生态环境的影响,并以生态、社会、经济协调发展为目的,提出了白洋淀湿地可持续发展管理对策。

Influence of hydrological characteristic change of Baiyangdian on the ecological environment in wetland

With the dramatic development ofeconomies,the degree ofpeople e xp loiting naturalresour-ces are enhancing.Under the influence of two aspects of natural and artificial factors,great changes in wetland hydrological character istics have taken place.The effects of hydrology on wetland are shown to be pri marily on the chemical and physical aspects of the wetlands such as water qualit y etc,which,in turn,influence the biotic components and the structure and fun ction of the wetland ecosystem.The wetland ecosystem,in turn,has a feedback e ffecton hydrology.Based on the above analysis,this paper chooses Baiyangdian w etland as an example and studies the impactofwetland hydrologicalcharacteristic changes on ecosystem.During the recent half a century,the wetland hydrological characteristic in Baiyangdian have seen significant changes due to change in n aturalclimate and development in agriculture,industry and urbanization.The cha nges are reflected on such facets as reduction in basin precipitation and in-flows amounts,the increasing severity of the water resource resulted from e vapotranspiration and seepage,and the changing quantity of silt deposit,etc.H ydrological characteristic changes directly or indirectly lead to a series of ec ological environmental problems which include the decreasing of water quality,r eduction of the amount and species of water biotic resources and deterioration ofwetland function,etc.Aiming atabove problems,the author discusses the strat egies to the sustainable wetland development in Baiyangdian for the purpose ofh armoniousdevelopment ofecology,society and economy.