增进我国水资源利用的途径

本文解释中国水资源丰富而且年内逐月分布合适的情况和原由,列举了北半球各地年降水量和年内1月及7月气温的资料,以资比较。其次说明地区或流域水资源的意义和估算主水资源量和客水资源量的公式,区别了可利用的和自然存在的水资源,把可利用的水资源量分析为当地有效雨量、深层有压地下水量和外来值得引用的水量。最后提出增辟我国水资源的4种途径,分析了我国水资源用量和无霜期中气温、日照和降水量等诸农业气候的关系。

ON THE MEANS OF ACCRUEMENT OF WATER RESOURCE UTILIZATION IN CHINA

This paper analyzes the status of abundance of water resource and adequacy of its monthly distribution in China through the yearly precipitation and monthly temperatures of January and July of several Chinese cities in comparison with those of various regions in the northern hemisphere of the world. Next it explains the right meaning of water resource of a region or a watershed and presents formulas for estimating the available quantities of local and alien water resources by discriminating between that available in nature and that economically utilizable to mankind. The utilizable water resource of a region is analyzed into three items: the local effective rainfall, the deep artesian water, and the feasibly introduced water from alien districts. Finally, it presents the four available means of accruement of water resource in China from analysis of the relations existing between the utilized quantities of water resource and the agricultural climate of the district as expressed in temperature, duration of sunshine and precipitation during the non-frost period.