中国森林生态安全空间关联的网络特征及其驱动机制

提高森林生态安全的整体水平,是生态文明建设和林业可持续发展的必然选择。在对2009—2018年中国省际森林生态安全进行定量测度的基础上,利用修正的引力模型计算省际间的空间关联关系,并运用社会网络分析法探究其网络特征及驱动机制。结果表明：（1）中国森林生态安全的空间关联网络整体具有较好的通达性和显著的等级性,但关联强度和稳定性较低。（2）中国森林生态安全空间关联网络呈现出明显的“中心—外围”格局,山东、河南、湖北、湖南等省份处于网络中心位置,发挥重要的中介作用。（3）中国森林生态安全的空间关联网络可划分为经纪人、净溢出、净受益、双向溢出四个板块,并呈现板块内集聚为主、板块间关联为辅的空间关联特征。（4）经济发展差异、林业产业结构差异、城镇化水平差异、林业生态建设投入差异、森林资源禀赋差异对中国森林生态安全空间关联网络的形成具有弱负向的驱动作用,地理邻接关系对其具有强正向的驱动作用。

The network characteristics and driving mechanism of the spatial correlation of forest ecological security in China

Improving the overall level of forest ecological security is an inevitable choice for the ecological civilization construction and the sustainable development of forestry. Based on the quantitative measurement of forest ecological security in 31 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) of China from 2009 to 2018, the modified gravity model was used to calculate the correlation of the forest ecological security between provinces. Based on this, the spatial correlation network of forest ecological security was constructed, and its characteristics and driving mechanism were examined by the social network analysis. The results showed that: (1) The spatial correlation network of forest ecological security in China had good accessibility and significant hierarchy, but the correlation strength and stability were low. (2) The spatial correlation network of forest ecological security presented an obvious "center-edge" feature, with provinces such as Shandong, Henan, Hubei and Hunan at the center of the network and playing an important intermediary role. (3) The spatial correlation network of China's forest ecological security can be divided into four blocks: brokers block (ten provinces including Henan and Shandong), net spillovers block (four provinces including Jilin and Heilongjiang), net benefits block (eight provinces including Jiangsu and Anhui), and two-way spillover block (nine provinces including Guangxi and Sichuan). At the same time, a spatial correlation feature, namely, the aggregation within the block, is dominant and the correlation between blocks is complementary. (4) Differences in economic development, forestry structure, urbanization, forestry ecological investment and forest resource had negative driving force on forest ecological security spatial correlation network in China, while the geographical adjacency relationship had positive driving effect.