洋浦经济开发区的水资源及其环境功能分区研究

分析、总结了洋浦经济开发区的水资源特点,其可供水源有地下水、区外水库引水。沿岸海水是开发区十分重要的污染物接纳体、环境承载体和生态稳定体。根据对开发区环境和经济发展的调研,提出了沿岸水环境的优化空间布局与合理的功能分区水资源保护思路

WATER RESOURCE AND ITS FUNCTIONAL ALLOCATION IN YANGPU ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ZONE, HAINAN ISLAND

This paper analyzed and summarized water resources characteristics in Yangpu Economic Developmenat Zone(YEDZ). YEDZ is located on the Yangpu peninsula in northwest of Hainan Island where fresh water resources are deficient because it is climatically dominated by tropical monsoon with intense sunshine, substantial evaporation and limited precipitation in spite of being a coastal zone. YEDZ, as a new developing industrial city, however, needs a great amount of water supply for production processes and domestic use. Potential water sources of YEDZ include local ground water, transferred water from Chunjiang Reservoir(16km away)and Songtao Reservoir(65km away)and local sea water. The reservoirs are the most im portant water suppliers. Although the coastal water is not important for direct use, yet it serves as an important receiver for pollutants, carrier for environment, and stabilizer for ecology in YEDZ. Based on the surveys of the present environmental status and future development of YEDZ, the optimum spatial distribution and functional allocation of coastal water environment are suggested in the present paper. Five coastal water functional areas are identifeid as: port area; Xinying Bay reserve area; industrial coast; natural reserves; and wastewater discharge area. In order to protect the coastal water resources for the realization of sustainable development, it is necessary to control water pollution according to the following suggestions: (a)Both industrial and domestic wastewater must be treated to comply with the National Standards before being discharged into the sea. (b)The discharge pipe will be laid and submerged offshore seafloor (deepwater discharge). A common outfall at water depth greater than 15m allows both industrial and domestic wastewater to discharge together. The area of sea water mixed with discharged water exceeding Grade II in quality must be confined within a scope of 3 km2. (c)Municipal wastewater treatment plant should be set up. Domestic wastewater must be gone through secondary treatment. Industrial wastewater that complied with the standard entering into municipal sewerage net are encouraged to do so and then be treated in the municipal wastewater treatment plant. Industrial wastewater from large sized enterprises is permitted to enter into the sea going sewerage system and finally into the sea after it complies with the Comprehensive Standards of Wastewater Discharge(GB8978-1996) (d)Save water and increase recycle use.(e)In the processes of introducing new development proposals and examining their feasibility, strict requirement on water pollution control should be imposed. Advanced technology and wastewater control approaches should be adopted in order to decrease wastewater discharge.