东南沿海地区土地利用转换态势与机制分析

引进土地利用动态度、利用优势度和类型复杂度评判指标,重点揭示20世纪90年代东南沿海地区土地利用类型转换程度、时空差异及其机制。研究表明:东南沿海地区耕地减少122.2×10⁴hm²,建设用地增加85.9×10⁴hm²。土地利用类型转换态势受区域经济社会发展水平及其结构变动的深刻影响。市场经济体制的完善和个体股份机制的创新为沿海土地利用类型快速转换提供了政策平台。人口增长与技术进步是土地利用类型转换的原动力,并通过推进各类产业园区(包括开发区)、中心村镇建设而作用于土地利用类型转换的全过程。

Analysis of the Situation and Mechanism of Land Use Conversion in the Southeast Coastal Area

The southeast coastal area of China has played a more and more importa nt role in promoting China's economy and increasing its international competitiv eness since the reforming and opening up.Land resources have made remarkable con tribution to the development of region's economy.In southeast coastal area of Ch ina,the utilization ratio of land reaches 89.8%,much higher than the national av erage level of 74.1%. Simultaneously, due to the intense exploi,tation,especiall y the unreasonable land use,the pattern of land cover in this region has markedl y changed.Based on the analysis of the features and problems of land use change in the southeast coastal area in the 1990s,by introducing the following judge in dexes such as LDD,LAD and LCD,the degree,spatial,temporal heterogeneity and driv ing mechanism of regional land use conversion are identified.According to the re search, the arable land of this area decreased 122.2×10⁴hm² contrasting to an i ncrease of 85.9×10⁴hm² of construction land in the recent 10 years.The developm ent level and structural alternation of the regional economy and society have pr ofound effect on the situation of land use type conversion.The consummation of m arket economic system and institutional innovation of individual economy speed u p the conversion of land use type in the southeast coastal area.The increase of population and the technical advance,ment are the primary driving forces of land use type conversion,and by the way of accelerating the construction of all kind s of industrial gardens (including developing area) and central town and village s,the two forces prolong their effects on the whole process of land use conversi on. Therefore,it is very necessary to regulate the hot economic investments and construction of the development districts by the state government.And the conver sion from arable land to built,up area ought to be restricted in order to create a fine condition of sustainable land use for enhancing social and economic deve lopment rapidly in the southeast coastal area of China.