老家依恋对秦巴山区生态移民新环境融入的影响——基于陕南三市的案例研究

生态移民的新环境融入对实现移民安置目标具有重要意义。本文选取陕南商洛、安康和汉中三市的三个移民安置点作为案例地,利用半结构化访谈对196位就近安置生态移民进行调查,通过质性分析和QCA（定性比较分析法）相结合的方式将移民老家依恋和新家地方融入/疏离进行了关联分析。研究表明：移民融入新环境是一个老家—新家互动的建构家的过程,就近安置使得这种互动过程更加显著;与其他移民类型相比,就近安置使得老家与新家之间的关系表现出全面性的特点,包括老家认同、功能性依赖和社会支持;就近安置所存在的老家与新家联系的复杂性成为移民对新环境产生疏离的重要因素。研究建议,除了解决移民所面临的实际困难,应允许移民进行老家与新家的互动,并对互动做进一步的政策性安排,以便逐步实现移民心理和社会多层次的新环境融入。

The influence of hometown attachment towards environmental integration of ecological migrants in Qinba Mountainous Area: Based on the case study of three cities in Southern Shaanxi

The new environmental integration of ecological migration is of great significance to the realization of the goal of resettlement. In this study, a semi-structured interview was conducted to investigate 196 ecological migrants who had been resettled nearby in three cities of Shangluo, Ankang and Hanzhong. Through qualitative analysis and qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), this paper makes a correlation analysis between hometown attachment and place integration/alienation of migrants, which shows that migrants' integration into the new environment is a process of hometown-new home interaction. Compared with other types of immigrants, the interaction is more remarkable because of the close placement, including hometown identity, functional dependence and social support, which makes the relationship between hometown and new home more comprehensive. The complexity of the connection between the hometown and the new home is an important factor leading to the alienation of migrants from the new environment. The study suggests that, in addition to addressing the practical difficulties, migrants should be allowed to interact with their hometown and new settlements, and that further policy arrangements should be made for the interaction in order to gradually realize the migrants' psychological and social multi-level integration into the new environment.