秦岭山区农村社会空间演化研究——以陕西秦岭山区三县为例

社会空间是社会过程与空间过程的有机统一,把握山区农村社会空间的形成、演化,可以为通过空间规划推动乡村振兴提供新的切入点。在对陕西省太白县、柞水县、商州区三个秦岭山区县的农户进行入户调查、县乡调研和文献分析的基础上,采用统计占比分析和相关分析研究山区农村社会的特征,从结构角度分析社会空间的参与者、基本组成和演化类型三个方面的内容。结果表明：（1）在参与农村社会空间演化的过程中,政府的主导作用最为显著,乡村精英起着承上启下的作用,外部工商资本是新的推动力量,本地农民是农村社会空间生成的基质;（2）山区农村社会空间由物理空间、意愿—行动空间和制度空间三个层次有机结合、共同构成;（3）山区农村社会空间的演化过程可以分成生产、分离、转移、扩展、压缩和消亡等几种基本演变类型。通过空间规划中考虑营造植根于农村并能扩展的社会空间,引导山区农村社会在变革中向良性发展,可为乡村振兴战略的具体实施提供指导。

The evolution of social space in mountainous rural areas: A case study of three counties in Qinling Mountains area,Shaanxi

As a national strategy, the policy of rural revitalization is of great significance. Rural social space united by social progress and spacial progress is not only a new perspective but also an important way to promote rural revitalization in mountainous areas. Based on field investigation in three counties in Shaanxi province, namely, Zhashui, Shangzhou, and Taibai, the participants, composition and evolution types of rural social space in mountainous areas are analyzed. The conclusions can be drawn as follows: (1) Four participants are included in the process of shaping rural social space, namely, government, rural elites, outside investors and local farmers. Among them, the government plays a leading role; rural elites play a connecting role; the outside investors are the new promoters in rural areas. Local farmers are the base of rural social space. (2) The rural social space in mountainous areas is composed of physical space, action space and institutional space. (3) There are six basic forms of rural social spacial evolution in mountainous areas: production, separation, transfer, expansion, compression, and vanishing. Finally, it is considered that the rural society in mountainous areas should be guided to develop healthily by establishing social space that rooted in rural areas.