关中地区清洁能源供暖综合效益评价——西安某商业建筑的案例实证

随着中国发展方式转变与能源结构转型的深入推进,能源消耗“双控”与燃煤替代供热清洁化、集中化成为必然趋势。清洁供暖效益评价研究是一个动态的系统性问题,涉及技术、财务、经济和社会评价等方面。目前,有关供热模式评价一般集中在经济和技术视角,难以系统反映经济社会、环境资源等深层次问题。以空气源热泵、燃气锅炉和浅层地热能为主多能互补的供暖方案为评价对象,采用系统评价的方法,基于DPSIR模型构建清洁能源供暖综合效益评价指标体系,利用AHP-POS灰色关联度模型定量评价西安市商业建筑清洁能源供暖方案综合效益和D-P-S-I-R子系统的影响作用。结果表明：在经济、技术和投资环境等条件允许情况下,应优先实施以浅层地热能为主的多能互补供暖方案,依次实施煤改电和煤改气方案。进而提出关中地区清洁能源供暖监管体系对策建议,以供决策者和投资者参考。

Calculation and evaluation of the comprehensive benefit ratio of clean energy utilization: Taking clean energy heating in Guanzhong Plain as an example

With the transformation of China's development mode and energy structure, "double control" of energy consumption and clean and centralized alternative heating by burning coal have become an inevitable trend. The study focuses on efficiency evaluation of clean heating, a dynamic and systematic problem, which involves technical, financial, economic and social evaluation. At present, the evaluation of heating mode generally focuses on the economic and technical perspectives, which, to a certain degree, cannot reflect the deep problems of economy, society, environment and resources. Taking Xi'an as an example, this paper evaluates the air source heat pump, gas-fired boiler and the multi-energy complementary heating scheme based on shallow geothermal energy. By adopting the method of systematic evaluation, based on the DPSIR model, we determined the factor indexes of each subsystem in the evaluation model, constructed the comprehensive performance evaluation index system of clean energy heating, and calculated the single-level and comprehensive evaluation values of each subsystem of clean energy heating by using the grey relational degree model of AHP-POS, and analyzed the relationship and interaction mechanism of the influencing factors.