江苏省长江岸线资源利用变化及合理性分析

长江岸线资源利用管理是沿江地区经济社会健康、持续发展的重要支撑。文章以岸线利用类型界定为基础,构筑长江岸线资源利用变化数据库,通过建立岸线利用变化矩阵、关联岸线利用类型与岸线条件信息,分析沿江开发过程中岸线利用的变化特点、评判其合理性,提出岸线利用的优化建议。实证分析表明：2002 年以来,江苏长江岸线利用扩张迅速,其中,北岸地区以工业占用扩张为主,南岸地区由工业占用和港口利用共同驱动,总体上,仍呈现以工业占用扩张为主导的特征。港口、仓储、工业等重点类型岸线中,岸线质量等级结构与岸线利用要求的匹配度增加,岸线利用趋于合理化。尽管如此,用于非涉水工业开发的优质岸线仍然较多,港口岸线利用受到挤占,岸线利用的公共化程度相对降低,不利于岸线综合利用效益的提升。未来应严格岸线利用准入制度,限制工业占用优质岸线,鼓励工业岸线向港口等公共服务类型转变,改善岸线利用结构,提高岸线利用效率。

Analysis on the Waterfront Resources Utilization Change and Reasonableness along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province

Scientific management of waterfront comprehensive utilization has an important effect on sustainable development in the area along the Yangtze River. Many papers published have discussed the methods of the waterfront resources evaluation, but little attention has been given to study on the waterfront resources utilization change. In this paper, based on the comparative analysis of definitions on the types of waterfront utilization, the method of classifying waterfront resource utilization was established. Then, the database consisted of the variation information about waterfront resources utilization has been constructed. Later, the matrix which reflects the waterfront utilization change was set up, and the analysis of relationship between the type of waterfront utilization and the class of waterfront resource was carried out. In the end, the characteristics of waterfront utilization change were explored, the reasonable level of waterfront utilization was given, and the advice on enhancing waterfront utilization's benefits was put forward. Empirical analysis of the waterfront along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province shows that since 2002, the waterfront resources utilization has expanded rapidly, the utilization ratio exceeded 37.5%. In the north bank area, industury holds a leading position in the process of waterfront utilization expansion; on the contrary, waterfront utilization increased drived by the "two engines" of port and industry in the south bank area. As a whole, waterfront utilization expansion for industry tends to dominate. For waterfront of port, warehouse and industry, organic constitution of waterfront resources quality is more matched with the utilization demands, and the change is more reasonable. Although, a large part of the waterfront resources with high quality was used for industry, occupied more part of waterfront resources which should be used for port, and had a huge negative effect on waterfront utilization benefits. In the future, stricter rule for waterfront utilization should be made to control utilization for industry, encourage utilization for port, and maximize the waterfront utilization benefits.