西藏阿里地区生态环境建设规划探讨

论文对西藏阿里地区生态环境的现状和演变过程进行了深入分析,同时,探讨了该地区“气温升高、降雨减少、草场退化、植被消失和自然灾害发生频繁”等区域性生态环境问题,规划了①狮泉河盆地及周边地区的治沙工程建设;②自然保护区建设;③利用生物工程,科学灭鼠,保护与延长食物链工程建设;④建立草地生态环境的动态监测及预警系统;⑤小城镇生态环境建设;⑥以薪炭林、用材林为主的多功能防护林体系工程建设;⑦农田生态建设;⑧矿业开采和畜产品加工污染的治理工程等建设项目。提出了如下对策与措施:①建立和健全生态环境建设的管理和监督机构,做好规划的实施工作;②开展自然保护区的本底调查工作;③加大执法力度,依法保护和治理生态环境;④增大科技投入,发展绿色产业,保证环境安全;⑤节约薪柴,推行林、草业承包制,走生态环境的可持续发展之路。

Probe into program of eco-environmental construction in Ngari region of Tibet

In this paper,the present situation,course of evolution of eco-environment in Ngari prefecture in Tibet were thoroughly analyzed.And the regional eco-environmental problems such as air temperature rise,precipitation decline,grassland degradation,vegetation vanishing,fre-quent occurrence of natural disasters,malmanagement of eco-environment were also explored.On the basis of the results,the important issues existing in the development were discussed and the following items for sustainable development were projected:1)The sand control engineering pro-ject of Shiquanhe drainage basin and its surrounding region;2)construction of nature protected areas;3)making use of biological engineering measures to scientifically eradicate rats,protect and extend livestock food chain project;4)to set up grassland eco-environmental monitoring and early-warning system;5)to enhance eco-environmental construction of small towns;6)to develop multi-function shelter forest systems dominated by fuel forest and timber forest;7)to carry out farmland ecosystem construction;and8)to build project for controlling contaminations of mining and livestock products processing activities.And the following countermeasures are identified as:(a)Ngari region want to establish and perfect eco-environmental management and supervision or-ganization;(b)to launch investigation of the general situation of nature protected area;(c)to in-tensify law enforcement,and protect and harness the eco-environment according to law;(d)to in-crease scientific and technical input,develop green property and guarantee the environment safe-ty;and(e)to economize fuel forest,and pursue contract system of wood and grass properties,and promote the eco-environment to take the road towards sustainable development.