典型流域土地利用/覆被变化及其景观生态效应——以浙江省西苕溪流域为例

土地利用/覆被变化的环境效应是相关领域今后研究的重点。论文利用1985、1995和2000年的TM数据及调查资料,研究西苕溪流域的土地利用/覆被变化及其景观生态效应。结果表明:流域内农田不断减少,居民及工矿用地持续扩大,林地前期减少、后期缓慢增加;林地和农田是流域内的主要景观类型,空间集中性及斑块碎化、形状规则化、景观同化是景观结构和景观异质性变化的主要表现;土地利用/覆被变化产生了生境质量下降、边缘效应增强、土地退化和生态系统成分单调等景观生态效应;恢复与建设西苕溪流域的景观生态系统需对景观尺度上的土地利用方式进行必要的调整。

Land use/cover change of catchment and its landscape ecological effects:a case of Xitiaoxi Catchment in Zhejiang Province

Environmental effects of land use /cover change will become a focus in this research field in the future.Based on remote sensing images of Xitiaoxi Catchment in1985,1995and2000,land use /cover change map and land use matrix were made.This paper analyzes the tem-poral - spatial regulation of land use /cover change during the15years followed by the analysis of the corresponding relationship s between the land use /cover change and landscape ecology.The results are as follows.First,the area of arable land decreased continuously while the settlement area expanded all the time.The woodland area increased slowly after a period of going down.Second,the variation trends of landscape structure and landscape heterogeneity are patch frag-menting,shape of patch becoming regular and types of landscape simplifying.Third,the land use /cover change of Xitiaoxi Catchment has caused distinct landscape effects,such as environ-ment al quality declining,edge effects intensification,land degradation and landscape elements reducing.Finally,the paper suggests that land use manners should be improved in landscape scale so as to rehabilitate and reconstruct landscape ecosystems in Xitiaoxi Catchment.