基于可拓工程方法的鄱阳湖区农地生态退化评价

生态退化是鄱阳湖区农地生产效率低下和农民贫困的主要原因。研究湖区农地生态退化程度和分布规律,是进行湖区农地生态恢复和重建的前提和基础。论文通过选取具有湖区典型特征的研究区域,应用可拓工程方法进行农地生态退化评价研究。结果表明,湖区生态退化的农地占农地总面积的40%左右,主要分布在湖区水面沿线和低山、丘陵地带。森林植被衰退、过度垦殖、围湖造地、农地基础设施投入不足是湖区农地生态退化的主要原因。植树造林、退耕还林还湖、保护湿地、增加基础设施投入是湖区农地生态恢复和重建的主要途径。

The evaluation of degradation of farmland eco-system of Poyang Lake zone based on extension engineering method

The degradation of farmland eco-system is the main reason for low agricultural pro-ductivity and poverty of the local farmers.The object of this research aims at finding out the de-gree and distribution law of farmland ecological degradation,which is the foundation and prereq-uisite for the restoration and rehabilitation of farmland eco-system,and also is the important means of improving the productivity of farmland and alleviating the poverty of farmers of the Poyang Lake zone. With the method of the extension engineering,this paper evaluates the farmland eco-system of the selected area which is typically characteristic of the Poyang Lake zone.The result of evalu-ation shows that the degradation of farmland eco-system in the selected area is extremely seri-ous,the degraded land area covers16633.85hm 2 ,which accounts for39.96%of the total se-lected farmland.Based on the mapping of the evaluated result,it clearly displays that the de-graded farmland is mainly distributed along the Poyang Lake and in low hilly area.According to the result of evaluation,this paper analyzes the mechanism of the degradation,and explains its current status and evolving law of farmland ecological degradation.The degrada-tion of farmland eco-system is mainly due to constant decline of vegetation cover rate,which lead to water and soil loss.Inappropriate human activ ities such as excessive exploitation of land re-sources and deficient infrastructural investment,to a certain extent,inevitably result in the degradation of the farmland ecosystem.At the end,this paper puts forward three main measures to restore and reconstruct the de-graded farmland eco-system in Poyang Lake zone,that is improving the vegetation cover rate,restoring woodland and wetland from cropland and increasing the agricultural infrastructure in-put.