中国典型冰雪旅游地开发模式及优化路径

北京冬奥会的筹办为中国冰雪旅游发展带来巨大契机,促进了冰雪旅游地的蓬勃发展。基于冰雪旅游地系统理论,构建了冰雪旅游地发展水平评价指标体系,并利用层次分析法、熵权法及加权Topsis法,对崇礼、亚布力、神农架、西岭雪山四个中国典型冰雪旅游地发展水平进行了测度。结果表明：崇礼冰雪旅游发展水平最高,亚布力次之,神农架及西岭雪山仍有待提升。基于此,提炼出四种典型冰雪旅游地开发模式,包括资源主导内驱模式、市场主导外驱模式、资源市场双核共驱模式以及资源市场政策综合齐驱模式。同时,从冰雪旅游地系统视角,提出了中国冰雪旅游地开发优化路径。研究有助于丰富冰雪旅游开发相关理论,为中国冰雪旅游地高质量发展提供智力支撑和案例借鉴。

Development mode and optimization path of typical ice and snow tourism destinations in China

Preparations for the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics have brought great opportunities for the development of ice and snow tourism in China and promoted the vigorous development of ice and snow tourism destinations. Based on the ice and snow tourism destination system theory, an evaluation index system for the development level of snow and ice tourism destinations was established, and the development level of four typical snow and ice tourism destinations in China, namely Chongli, Yabuli, Shennongjia and Xiling Snow Mountain was measured by using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), entropy weight method and weighted Topsis method. The results show that the development level of ice and snow tourism in Chongli is the highest, followed by Yabuli, while Shennongjia and Xiling Snow Mountain still need to be improved. Based on this, four typical development modes of ice and snow tourism destinations were extracted, including internal resource-driven mode, external market-driven mode, resource-market double-driven mode, and resource-market-policy comprehensive-driven mode. Finally, from the perspective of ice and snow tourism destination system, the optimal development path of China's ice and snow tourism destinations was put forward. The research is helpful to enrich the theories related to ice and snow tourism development and provide intellectual support and case reference for the high-quality development of ice and snow tourism destinations in China.