河北省耕地保护重点区域的划分与调控

新一轮土地利用总体规划修编提出对各类、各区域用地开展统筹研究,为解决各地区的耕地问题提供了新的思路。论文以河北省为例,首先按照耕地的可持续生产能力,以县为单位依次通过设计指标体系、确定权重、数据标准化和划分重点区域对其进行定量评价,从而指出各级政府在耕地保护过程中各自应重点关注的区域;其次,分析受胁迫因素,确定划分指标,确立划分标准并划分重点区域受胁迫程度,对重点区域耕地的受胁迫程度进行了定量区分,为针对不同区域采取不同的措施提供了依据;再次,提出了调控不同级别、不同受胁迫程度区域耕地的刚性、弹性和预期指标;最后,制定了一系列措施以保障指标能够被有效地实施。

Key Farmland Regions' Division and Regulation in Hebei Province

China is a country with vast population and scarce land per capita and the arable land decreases substantially.To study the land of any types or in any region has been brought forward at the new round of land use restructuring planning,and it offers an important tract to plan synthetically and solve the arable land problem.This paper takes Hebei Province as a case to illustrate it.Firstly,to estimate quantificationally the sustainable throughput of all counties(towns or townships) and rank those by the value of throughput,sequentially to determine which places should be concerned highly in the course of the local government protecting the arable land;the process includes indicator system's design,ascertainment of the weighing,standardization of the data and division of the key regions;then 42 counties have been taken as national farmland protection regions,which are mainly located in the central and northern part of southern Hebei province and the peripheries of Beijing and Tianjin municipalities,and another 52 counties as provincial farmland protection regions,which are mainly located in the central Hebei province,the southwestern part of southern Hebei province,and the littoral of Hebei Province.Secondly,to differentiate the degree to which the construction activities endanger the quantity of arable land so as to lay the foundation for adopting different measures in different regions;the process includes analysis of the factors to endanger the quantity of the arable land,ascertainment of the indicators to classify the regions,ascertainment of the standards to classify the regions and the classification of the being-endangered arable land regions;then there are 10,11,29,25 and 19 counties taken as high,high-medium,medium,medium-low and low endangered regions respectively,among them the first two types are mainly located in the peripheries of the big cities and the neighboring regions along the main roads in Hebei Plain.Thirdly,to set up a series of rigid,flexible and expected indicators,then use them to regulate the local arable land at different scales and to different degrees.Lastly,to set down several countermeasures to guarantee these indicators to be implemented efficiently,which mainly includes(1)establishing digital management systems aiming at indicators brought forward above;(2)plotting out the regions of land us control;(3)reforming the revenues;and(4)designing and perfecting the new property right systems.